/*
* Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
/*
* Dalvik initialization, shutdown, and command-line argument processing.
*/
#include "Dalvik.h"
#include "test/Test.h"
#include "mterp/Mterp.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define kMinHeapStartSize (1*1024*1024)
#define kMinHeapSize (2*1024*1024)
#define kMaxHeapSize (1*1024*1024*1024)
/*
* Register VM-agnostic native methods for system classes.
*
* Currently defined in ../include/nativehelper/AndroidSystemNatives.h
*/
extern int jniRegisterSystemMethods(JNIEnv* env);
/* fwd */
static bool registerSystemNatives(JNIEnv* pEnv);
static bool dvmInitJDWP(void);
static bool dvmInitZygote(void);
/* global state */
struct DvmGlobals gDvm;
/*
* Show usage.
*
* We follow the tradition of unhyphenated compound words.
*/
static void dvmUsage(const char* progName)
{
dvmFprintf(stderr, "%s: [options] class [argument ...]\n", progName);
dvmFprintf(stderr, "%s: [options] -jar file.jar [argument ...]\n",progName);
dvmFprintf(stderr, "\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, "The following standard options are recognized:\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -classpath classpath\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Dproperty=value\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -verbose:tag ('gc', 'jni', or 'class')\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -ea[:<package name>... |:<class name>]\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -da[:<package name>... |:<class name>]\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " (-enableassertions, -disableassertions)\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -esa\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -dsa\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr,
" (-enablesystemassertions, -disablesystemassertions)\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -showversion\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -help\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, "\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, "The following extended options are recognized:\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xrunjdwp:<options>\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xbootclasspath:bootclasspath\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xcheck:tag (e.g. 'jni')\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -XmsN (min heap, must be multiple of 1K, >= 1MB)\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -XmxN (max heap, must be multiple of 1K, >= 2MB)\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -XssN (stack size, >= %dKB, <= %dKB)\n",
kMinStackSize / 1024, kMaxStackSize / 1024);
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xverify:{none,remote,all}\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xrs\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr,
" -Xint (extended to accept ':portable' and ':fast')\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, "\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, "These are unique to Dalvik:\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xzygote\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xdexopt:{none,verified,all}\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xnoquithandler\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr,
" -Xjnigreflimit:N (must be multiple of 100, >= 200)\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjniopts:{warnonly,forcecopy}\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xdeadlockpredict:{off,warn,err,abort}\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xstacktracefile:<filename>\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xgenregmap\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xcheckdexsum\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, "\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr, "Configured with:"
#ifdef WITH_DEBUGGER
" debugger"
#endif
#ifdef WITH_PROFILER
" profiler"
#endif
#ifdef WITH_MONITOR_TRACKING
" monitor_tracking"
#endif
#ifdef WITH_DEADLOCK_PREDICTION
" deadlock_prediction"
#endif
#ifdef WITH_HPROF
" hprof"
#endif
#ifdef WITH_HPROF_STACK
" hprof_stack"
#endif
#ifdef WITH_HPROF_STACK_UNREACHABLE
" hprof_stack_unreachable"
#endif
#ifdef WITH_ALLOC_LIMITS
" alloc_limits"
#endif
#ifdef WITH_TRACKREF_CHECKS
" trackref_checks"
#endif
#ifdef WITH_INSTR_CHECKS
" instr_checks"
#endif
#ifdef WITH_EXTRA_OBJECT_VALIDATION
" extra_object_validation"
#endif
#ifdef WITH_DALVIK_ASSERT
" dalvik_assert"
#endif
#ifdef WITH_JNI_STACK_CHECK
" jni_stack_check"
#endif
#ifdef EASY_GDB
" easy_gdb"
#endif
#ifdef CHECK_MUTEX
" check_mutex"
#endif
#ifdef PROFILE_FIELD_ACCESS
" profile_field_access"
#endif
#ifdef DVM_TRACK_HEAP_MARKING
" track_heap_marking"
#endif
#if DVM_RESOLVER_CACHE == DVM_RC_REDUCING
" resolver_cache_reducing"
#elif DVM_RESOLVER_CACHE == DVM_RC_EXPANDING
" resolver_cache_expanding"
#elif DVM_RESOLVER_CACHE == DVM_RC_NO_CACHE
" resolver_cache_disabled"
#endif
);
#ifdef DVM_SHOW_EXCEPTION
dvmFprintf(stderr, " show_exception=%d", DVM_SHOW_EXCEPTION);
#endif
dvmFprintf(stderr, "\n\n");
}
/*
* Show helpful information on JDWP options.
*/
static void showJdwpHelp(void)
{
dvmFprintf(stderr,
"Example: -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=8000,server=y\n");
dvmFprintf(stderr,
"Example: -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=localhost:6500,server=n\n");
}
/*
* Show version and copyright info.
*/
static void showVersion(void)
{
dvmFprintf(stdout, "DalvikVM version %d.%d.%d\n",
DALVIK_MAJOR_VERSION, DALVIK_MINOR_VERSION, DALVIK_BUG_VERSION);
dvmFprintf(stdout,
"Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project\n\n"
"This software is built from source code licensed under the "
"Apache License,\n"
"Version 2.0 (the \"License\"). You may obtain a copy of the "
"License at\n\n"
" http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n\n"
"See the associated NOTICE file for this software for further "
"details.\n");
}
/*
* Parse a string of the form /[0-9]+[kKmMgG]?/, which is used to specify
* memory sizes. [kK] indicates kilobytes, [mM] megabytes, and
* [gG] gigabytes.
*
* "s" should point just past the "-Xm?" part of the string.
* "min" specifies the lowest acceptable value described by "s".
* "div" specifies a divisor, e.g. 1024 if the value must be a multiple
* of 1024.
*
* The spec says the -Xmx and -Xms options must be multiples of 1024. It
* doesn't say anything about -Xss.
*
* Returns 0 (a useless size) if "s" is malformed or specifies a low or
* non-evenly-divisible value.
*/
static unsigned int dvmParseMemOption(const char *s, unsigned int div)
{
/* strtoul accepts a leading [+-], which we don't want,
* so make sure our string starts with a decimal digit.
*/
if (isdigit(*s)) {
const char *s2;
unsigned int val;
val = (unsigned int)strtoul(s, (char **)&s2, 10);
if (s2 != s) {
/* s2 should be pointing just after the number.
* If this is the end of the string, the user
* has specified a number of bytes. Otherwise,
* there should be exactly one more character
* that specifies a multiplier.
*/
if (*s2 != '\0') {
char c;
/* The remainder of the string is either a single multiplier
* character, or nothing to indicate that the value is in
* bytes.
*/
c = *s2++;
if (*s2 == '\0') {
unsigned int mul;
if (c == '\0') {
mul = 1;
} else if (c == 'k' || c == 'K') {
mul = 1024;
} else if (c == 'm' || c == 'M') {
mul = 1024 * 1024;
} else if (c == 'g' || c == 'G') {
mul = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
} else {
/* Unknown multiplier character.
*/
return 0;
}
if (val <= UINT_MAX / mul) {
val *= mul;
} else {
/* Clamp to a multiple of 1024.
*/
val = UINT_MAX & ~(1024-1);
}
} else {
/* There's more than one character after the
* numeric part.
*/
return 0;
}
}
/* The man page says that a -Xm value must be
* a multiple of 1024.
*/
if (val % div == 0) {
return val;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Handle one of the JDWP name/value pairs.
*
* JDWP options are:
* help: if specified, show help message and bail
* transport: may be dt_socket or dt_shmem
* address: for dt_socket, "host:port", or just "port" when listening
* server: if "y", wait for debugger to attach; if "n", attach to debugger
* timeout: how long to wait for debugger to connect / listen
*
* Useful with server=n (these aren't supported yet):
* onthrow=<exception-name>: connect to debugger when exception thrown
* onuncaught=y|n: connect to debugger when uncaught exception thrown
* launch=<command-line>: launch the debugger itself
*
* The "transport" option is required, as is "address" if server=n.
*/
static bool handleJdwpOption(const char* name, const char* value)
{
if (strcmp(name, "transport") == 0) {
if (strcmp(value, "dt_socket") == 0) {
gDvm.jdwpTransport = kJdwpTransportSocket;
} else if (strcmp(value, "dt_android_adb") == 0) {
gDvm.jdwpTransport = kJdwpTransportAndroidAdb;
} else {
LOGE("JDWP transport '%s' not supported\n", value);
return false;
}
} else if (strcmp(name, "server") == 0) {
if (*value == 'n')
gDvm.jdwpServer = false;
else if (*value == 'y')
gDvm.jdwpServer = true;
else {
LOGE("JDWP option 'server' must be 'y' or 'n'\n");
return false;
}
} else if (strcmp(name, "suspend") == 0) {
if (*value == 'n')
gDvm.jdwpSuspend = false;
else if (*value == 'y')
gDvm.jdwpSuspend = true;
else {
LOGE("JDWP option 'suspend' must be 'y' or 'n'\n");
return false;
}
} else if (strcmp(name, "address") == 0) {
/* this is either <port> or <host>:<port> */
const char* colon = strchr(value, ':');
char* end;
long port;
if (colon != NULL) {
free(gDvm.jdwpHost);
gDvm.jdwpHost = (char*) malloc(colon - value +1);
strncpy(gDvm.jdwpHost, value, colon - value +1);
gDvm.jdwpHost[colon-value] = '\0';
value = colon + 1;
}
if (*value == '\0') {
LOGE("JDWP address missing port\n");
return false;
}
port = strtol(value, &end, 10);
if (*end != '\0') {
LOGE("JDWP address has junk in port field '%s'\n", value);
return false;
}
gDvm.jdwpPort = port;
} else if (strcmp(name, "launch") == 0 ||
strcmp(name, "onthrow") == 0 ||
strcmp(name, "oncaught") == 0 ||
strcmp(name, "timeout") == 0)
{
/* valid but unsupported */
LOGI("Ignoring JDWP option '%s'='%s'\n", name, value);
} else {
LOGI("Ignoring unrecognized JDWP option '%s'='%s'\n", name, value);
}
return true;
}
/*
* Parse the latter half of a -Xrunjdwp/-agentlib:jdwp= string, e.g.:
* "transport=dt_socket,address=8000,server=y,suspend=n"
*/
static bool parseJdwpOptions(const char* str)
{
char* mangle = strdup(str);
char* name = mangle;
bool result = false;
/*
* Process all of the name=value pairs.
*/
while (true) {
char* value;
char* comma;
value = strchr(name, '=');
if (value == NULL) {
LOGE("JDWP opts: garbage at '%s'\n", name);
goto bail;
}
comma = strchr(name, ','); // use name, not value, for safety
if (comma != NULL) {
if (comma < value) {
LOGE("JDWP opts: found comma before '=' in '%s'\n", mangle);
goto bail;
}
*comma = '\0';
}
*value++ = '\0'; // stomp the '='
if (!handleJdwpOption(name, value))
goto bail;
if (comma == NULL) {
/* out of options */
break;
}
name = comma+1;
}
/*
* Make sure the combination of arguments makes sense.
*/
if (gDvm.jdwpTransport == kJdwpTransportUnknown) {
LOGE("JDWP opts: must specify transport\n");
goto bail;
}
if (!gDvm.jdwpServer && (gDvm.jdwpHost == NULL || gDvm.jdwpPort == 0)) {
LOGE("JDWP opts: when server=n, must specify host and port\n");
goto bail;
}
// transport mandatory
// outbound server address
gDvm.jdwpConfigured = true;
result = true;
bail:
free(mangle);
return result;
}
/*
* Handle one of the four kinds of assertion arguments.
*
* "pkgOrClass" is the last part of an enable/disable line. For a package
* the arg looks like "-ea:com.google.fubar...", for a class it looks
* like "-ea:com.google.fubar.Wahoo". The string we get starts at the ':'.
*
* For system assertions (-esa/-dsa), "pkgOrClass" is NULL.
*
* Multiple instances of these arguments can be specified, e.g. you can
* enable assertions for a package and then disable them for one class in
* the package.
*/
static bool enableAssertions(const char* pkgOrClass, bool enable)
{
AssertionControl* pCtrl = &gDvm.assertionCtrl[gDvm.assertionCtrlCount++];
pCtrl->enable = enable;
if (pkgOrClass == NULL) {
/* enable or disable for all system classes */
pCtrl->isPackage = false;
pCtrl->pkgOrClass = NULL;
pCtrl->pkgOrClassLen = 0;
} else {
if (*pkgOrClass == '\0') {
/* global enable/disable for all but system */
pCtrl->isPackage = false;
pCtrl->pkgOrClass = strdup("");
pCtrl->pkgOrClassLen = 0;
} else {
pCtrl->pkgOrClass = dvmDotToSlash(pkgOrClass+1); // skip ':'
if (pCtrl->pkgOrClass == NULL) {
/* can happen if class name includes an illegal '/' */
LOGW("Unable to process assertion arg '%s'\n", pkgOrClass);
return false;
}
int len = strlen(pCtrl->pkgOrClass);
if (len >= 3 && strcmp(pCtrl->pkgOrClass + len-3, "///") == 0) {
/* mark as package, truncate two of the three slashes */
pCtrl->isPackage = true;
*(pCtrl->pkgOrClass + len-2) = '\0';
pCtrl->pkgOrClassLen = len - 2;
} else {
/* just a class */
pCtrl->isPackage = false;
pCtrl->pkgOrClassLen = len;
}
}
}
return true;
}
/*
* Turn assertions on when requested to do so by the Zygote.
*
* This is a bit sketchy. We can't (easily) go back and fiddle with all
* of the classes that have already been initialized, so this only
* affects classes that have yet to be loaded. If some or all assertions
* have been enabled through some other means, we don't want to mess with
* it here, so we do nothing. Finally, we assume that there's room in
* "assertionCtrl" to hold at least one entry; this is guaranteed by the
* allocator.
*
* This must only be called from the main thread during zygote init.
*/
void dvmLateEnableAssertions(void)
{
if (gDvm.assertionCtrl == NULL) {
LOGD("Not late-enabling assertions: no assertionCtrl array\n");
return;
} else if (gDvm.assertionCtrlCount != 0) {
LOGD("Not late-enabling assertions: some asserts already configured\n");
return;
}
LOGD("Late-enabling assertions\n");
/* global enable for all but system */
AssertionControl* pCtrl = gDvm.assertionCtrl;
pCtrl->pkgOrClass = strdup("");
pCtrl->pkgOrClassLen = 0;
pCtrl->isPackage = false;
pCtrl->enable = true;
gDvm.assertionCtrlCount = 1;
}
/*
* Release memory associated with the AssertionCtrl array.
*/
static void freeAssertionCtrl(void)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < gDvm.assertionCtrlCount; i++)
free(gDvm.assertionCtrl[i].pkgOrClass);
free(gDvm.assertionCtrl);
}
/*
* Process an argument vector full of options. Unlike standard C programs,
* argv[0] does not contain the name of the program.
*
* If "ignoreUnrecognized" is set, we ignore options starting with "-X" or "_"
* that we don't recognize. Otherwise, we return with an error as soon as
* we see anything we can't identify.
*
* Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure, and 1 for the special case of
* "-version" where we want to stop without showing an error message.
*/
static int dvmProcessOptions(int argc, const char* const argv[],
bool ignoreUnrecognized)
{
int i;
LOGV("VM options (%d):\n", argc);
for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
LOGV(" %d: '%s'\n", i, argv[i]);
/*
* Over-allocate AssertionControl array for convenience. If allocated,
* the array must be able to hold at least one entry, so that the
* zygote-time activation can do its business.
*/
assert(gDvm.assertionCtrl == NULL);
if (argc > 0) {
gDvm.assertionCtrl =
(AssertionControl*) malloc(sizeof(AssertionControl) * argc);
if (gDvm.assertionCtrl == NULL)
return -1;
assert(gDvm.assertionCtrlCount == 0);
}
for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
if (strcmp(argv[i], "-help") == 0) {
/* show usage and stop */
return -1;
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-version") == 0) {
/* show version and stop */
showVersion();
return 1;
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-showversion") == 0) {
/* show version and continue */
showVersion();
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-classpath") == 0 ||
strcmp(argv[i], "-cp") == 0)
{
/* set classpath */
if (i == argc-1) {
dvmFprintf(stderr, "Missing classpath path list\n");
return -1;
}
free(gDvm.classPathStr); /* in case we have compiled-in default */
gDvm.classPathStr = strdup(argv[++i]);
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xbootclasspath:",
sizeof("-Xbootclasspath:")-1) == 0)
{
/* set bootclasspath */
const char* path = argv[i] + sizeof("-Xbootclasspath:")-1;
if (*path == '\0') {
dvmFprintf(stderr, "Missing bootclasspath path list\n");
return -1;
}
free(gDvm.bootClassPathStr);
gDvm.bootClassPathStr = strdup(path);
/*
* TODO: support -Xbootclasspath/a and /p, which append or
* prepend to the default bootclasspath. We set the default
* path earlier.
*/
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-D", 2) == 0) {
/* set property */
dvmAddCommandLineProperty(argv[i] + 2);
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-jar") == 0) {
// TODO: handle this; name of jar should be in argv[i+1]
dvmFprintf(stderr, "-jar not yet handled\n");
assert(false);
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xms", 4) == 0) {
unsigned int val = dvmParseMemOption(argv[i]+4, 1024);
if (val != 0) {
if (val >= kMinHeapStartSize && val <= kMaxHeapSize) {
gDvm.heapSizeStart = val;
} else {
dvmFprintf(stderr,
"Invalid -Xms '%s', range is %dKB to %dKB\n",
argv[i], kMinHeapStartSize/1024, kMaxHeapSize/1024);
return -1;
}
} else {
dvmFprintf(stderr, "Invalid -Xms option '%s'\n", argv[i]);
return -1;
}
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xmx", 4) == 0) {
unsigned int val = dvmParseMemOption(argv[i]+4, 1024);
if (val != 0) {
if (val >= kMinHeapSize && val <= kMaxHeapSize) {
gDvm.heapSizeMax = val;
} else {
dvmFprintf(stderr,
"Invalid -Xmx '%s', range is %dKB to %dKB\n",
argv[i], kMinHeapSize/1024, kMaxHeapSize/1024);
return -1;
}
} else {
dvmFprintf(stderr, "Invalid -Xmx option '%s'\n", argv[i]);
return -1;
}
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xss", 4) == 0) {
unsigned int val = dvmParseMemOption(argv[i]+4, 1);
if (val != 0) {
if (val >= kMinStackSize && val <= kMaxStackSize) {
gDvm.stackSize = val;
} else {
dvmFprintf(stderr, "Invalid -Xss '%s', range is %d to %d\n",
argv[i], kMinStackSize, kMaxStackSize);
return -1;
}
} else {
dvmFprintf(stderr, "Invalid -Xss option '%s'\n", argv[i]);
return -1;
}
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-verbose") == 0 ||
strcmp(argv[i], "-verbose:class") == 0)
{
// JNI spec says "-verbose:gc,class" is valid, but cmd line
// doesn't work that way; may want to support.
gDvm.verboseClass = true;
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-verbose:jni") == 0) {
gDvm.verboseJni = true;
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-verbose:gc") == 0) {
gDvm.verboseGc = true;
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-enableassertions", 17) == 0) {
enableAssertions(argv[i] + 17, true);
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-ea", 3) == 0) {
enableAssertions(argv[i] + 3, true);
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-disableassertions", 18) == 0) {
enableAssertions(argv[i] + 18, false);
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-da", 3) == 0) {
enableAssertions(argv[i] + 3, false);
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-enablesystemassertions") == 0 ||
strcmp(argv[i], "-esa") == 0)
{
enableAssertions(NULL, true);
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-disablesystemassertions") == 0 ||
strcmp(argv[i], "-dsa") == 0)
{
enableAssertions(NULL, false);
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xcheck:jni", 11) == 0) {
/* nothing to do now -- was handled during JNI init */
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xdebug") == 0) {
/* accept but ignore */
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xrunjdwp:", 10) == 0 ||
strncmp(argv[i], "-agentlib:jdwp=", 15) == 0)
{
const char* tail;
bool result = false;
if (argv[i][1] == 'X')
tail = argv[i] + 10;
else
tail = argv[i] + 15;
if (strncmp(tail, "help", 4) == 0 || !parseJdwpOptions(tail)) {
showJdwpHelp();
return 1;
}
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xrs") == 0) {
gDvm.reduceSignals = true;
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xnoquithandler") == 0) {
/* disables SIGQUIT handler thread while still blocking SIGQUIT */
/* (useful if we don't want thread but system still signals us) */
gDvm.noQuitHandler = true;
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xzygote") == 0) {
gDvm.zygote = true;
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xdexopt:", 9) == 0) {
if (strcmp(argv[i] + 9, "none") == 0)
gDvm.dexOptMode = OPTIMIZE_MODE_NONE;
else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 9, "verified") == 0)
gDvm.dexOptMode = OPTIMIZE_MODE_VERIFIED;
else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 9, "all") == 0)
gDvm.dexOptMode = OPTIMIZE_MODE_ALL;
else {
dvmFprintf(stderr, "Unrecognized dexopt option '%s'\n",argv[i]);
return -1;
}
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xverify:", 9) == 0) {
if (strcmp(argv[i] + 9, "none") == 0)
gDvm.classVerifyMode = VERIFY_MODE_NONE;
else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 9, "remote") == 0)
gDvm.classVerifyMode = VERIFY_MODE_REMOTE;
else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 9, "all") == 0)
gDvm.classVerifyMode = VERIFY_MODE_ALL;
else {
dvmFprintf(stderr, "Unrecognized verify option '%s'\n",argv[i]);
return -1;
}
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjnigreflimit:", 15) == 0) {
int lim = atoi(argv[i] + 15);
if (lim < 200 || (lim % 100) != 0) {
dvmFprintf(stderr, "Bad value for -Xjnigreflimit: '%s'\n",
argv[i]+15);
return -1;
}
gDvm.jniGrefLimit = lim;
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xlog-stdio") == 0) {
gDvm.logStdio = true;
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xint", 5) == 0) {
if (argv[i][5] == ':') {
if (strcmp(argv[i] + 6, "portable") == 0)
gDvm.executionMode = kExecutionModeInterpPortable;
else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 6, "fast") == 0)
gDvm.executionMode = kExecutionModeInterpFast;
else {
dvmFprintf(stderr,
"Warning: Unrecognized interpreter mode %s\n",argv[i]);
/* keep going */
}
} else {
/* disable JIT -- nothing to do here for now */
}
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xdeadlockpredict:", 18) == 0) {
#ifdef WITH_DEADLOCK_PREDICTION
if (strcmp(argv[i] + 18, "off") == 0)
gDvm.deadlockPredictMode = kDPOff;
else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 18, "warn") == 0)
gDvm.deadlockPredictMode = kDPWarn;
else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 18, "err") == 0)
gDvm.deadlockPredictMode = kDPErr;
else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 18, "abort") == 0)
gDvm.deadlockPredictMode = kDPAbort;
else {
dvmFprintf(stderr, "Bad value for -Xdeadlockpredict");
return -1;
}
if (gDvm.deadlockPredictMode != kDPOff)
LOGD("Deadlock prediction enabled (%s)\n", argv[i]+18);
#endif
} else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xstacktracefile:", 17) == 0) {
gDvm.stackTraceFile = strdup(argv[i]+17);
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xgenregmap") == 0) {
gDvm.generateRegisterMaps = true;
} else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xcheckdexsum") == 0) {
gDvm.verifyDexChecksum = true;
} else {
if (!ignoreUnrecognized) {
dvmFprintf(stderr, "Unrecognized option '%s'\n", argv[i]);
return -1;
}
}
}
if (gDvm.heapSizeStart > gDvm.heapSizeMax) {
dvmFprintf(stderr, "Heap start size must be <= heap max size\n");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Set defaults for fields altered or modified by arguments.
*/
static void setCommandLineDefaults()
{
const char* envStr;
envStr = getenv("CLASSPATH");
if (envStr != NULL)
gDvm.classPathStr = strdup(envStr);
else
gDvm.classPathStr = strdup(".");
envStr = getenv("BOOTCLASSPATH");
if (envStr != NULL)
gDvm.bootClassPathStr = strdup(envStr);
else
gDvm.bootClassPathStr = strdup(".");
/* Defaults overridden by -Xms and -Xmx.
* TODO: base these on a system or application-specific default
*/
gDvm.heapSizeStart = 2 * 1024 * 1024; // Spec says 16MB; too big for us.
gDvm.heapSizeMax = 16 * 1024 * 1024; // Spec says 75% physical mem
gDvm.stackSize = kDefaultStackSize;
/* gDvm.jdwpSuspend = true; */
/* allowed unless zygote config doesn't allow it */
gDvm.jdwpAllowed = true;
/* default verification and optimization modes */
gDvm.classVerifyMode = VERIFY_MODE_ALL;
gDvm.dexOptMode = OPTIMIZE_MODE_VERIFIED;
/*
* Default execution mode.
*
* This should probably interact with the mterp code somehow, e.g. if
* we know we're using the "desktop" build we should probably be
* using "portable" rather than "fast".
*/
gDvm.executionMode = kExecutionModeInterpFast;
}
/*
* Handle a SIGBUS, which frequently occurs because somebody replaced an
* optimized DEX file out from under us.
*/
static void busCatcher(int signum, siginfo_t* info, void* context)
{
void* addr = info->si_addr;
LOGE("Caught a SIGBUS (%d), addr=%p\n", signum, addr);
/*
* If we return at this point the SIGBUS just keeps happening, so we
* remove the signal handler and allow it to kill us. TODO: restore
* the original, which points to a debuggerd stub; if we don't then
* debuggerd won't be notified.
*/
signal(SIGBUS, SIG_DFL);
}
/*
* Configure signals. We need to block SIGQUIT so that the signal only
* reaches the dump-stack-trace thread.
*
* This can be disabled with the "-Xrs" flag.
*/
static void blockSignals()
{
sigset_t mask;
int cc;
sigemptyset(&mask);
sigaddset(&mask, SIGQUIT);
sigaddset(&mask, SIGUSR1); // used to initiate heap dump
//sigaddset(&mask, SIGPIPE);
cc = sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, NULL);
assert(cc == 0);
if (false) {
/* TODO: save the old sigaction in a global */
struct sigaction sa;
memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
sa.sa_sigaction = busCatcher;
sa.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;
cc = sigaction(SIGBUS, &sa, NULL);
assert(cc == 0);
}
}
/*
* VM initialization. Pass in any options provided on the command line.
* Do not pass in the class name or the options for the class.
*
* Returns 0 on success.
*/
int dvmStartup(int argc, const char* const argv[], bool ignoreUnrecognized,
JNIEnv* pEnv)
{
int i, cc;
assert(gDvm.initializing);
LOGV("VM init args (%d):\n", argc);
for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
LOGV(" %d: '%s'\n", i, argv[i]);
setCommandLineDefaults();
/* prep properties storage */
if (!dvmPropertiesStartup(argc))
goto fail;
/*
* Process the option flags (if any).
*/
cc = dvmProcessOptions(argc, argv, ignoreUnrecognized);
if (cc != 0) {
if (cc < 0) {
dvmFprintf(stderr, "\n");
dvmUsage("dalvikvm");
}
goto fail;
}
/* configure signal handling */
if (!gDvm.reduceSignals)
blockSignals();
/* mterp setup */
LOGV("Using executionMode %d\n", gDvm.executionMode);
dvmCheckAsmConstants();
/*
* Initialize components.
*/
if (!dvmAllocTrackerStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmGcStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmThreadStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmInlineNativeStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmVerificationStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmInstanceofStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmClassStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmThreadObjStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmExceptionStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmStringInternStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmNativeStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmInternalNativeStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmJniStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmReflectStartup())
goto fail;
#ifdef WITH_PROFILER
if (!dvmProfilingStartup())
goto fail;
#endif
/* make sure we got these [can this go away?] */
assert(gDvm.classJavaLangClass != NULL);
assert(gDvm.classJavaLangObject != NULL);
//assert(gDvm.classJavaLangString != NULL);
assert(gDvm.classJavaLangThread != NULL);
assert(gDvm.classJavaLangVMThread != NULL);
assert(gDvm.classJavaLangThreadGroup != NULL);
/*
* Make sure these exist. If they don't, we can return a failure out
* of main and nip the whole thing in the bud.
*/
static const char* earlyClasses[] = {
"Ljava/lang/InternalError;",
"Ljava/lang/StackOverflowError;",
"Ljava/lang/UnsatisfiedLinkError;",
"Ljava/lang/NoClassDefFoundError;",
NULL
};
const char** pClassName;
for (pClassName = earlyClasses; *pClassName != NULL; pClassName++) {
if (dvmFindSystemClassNoInit(*pClassName) == NULL)
goto fail;
}
/*
* Miscellaneous class library validation.
*/
if (!dvmValidateBoxClasses())
goto fail;
/*
* Do the last bits of Thread struct initialization we need to allow
* JNI calls to work.
*/
if (!dvmPrepMainForJni(pEnv))
goto fail;
/*
* Register the system native methods, which are registered through JNI.
*/
if (!registerSystemNatives(pEnv))
goto fail;
/*
* Do some "late" initialization for the memory allocator. This may
* allocate storage and initialize classes.
*/
if (!dvmGcLateInit())
goto fail;
/*
* At this point, the VM is in a pretty good state. Finish prep on
* the main thread (specifically, create a java.lang.Thread object to go
* along with our Thread struct). Note we will probably be executing
* some interpreted class initializer code in here.
*/
if (!dvmPrepMainThread())
goto fail;
/* general debugging setup */
if (!dvmDebuggerStartup())
goto fail;
/*
* Init for either zygote mode or non-zygote mode. The key difference
* is that we don't start any additional threads in Zygote mode.
*/
if (gDvm.zygote) {
if (!dvmInitZygote())
goto fail;
} else {
if (!dvmInitAfterZygote())
goto fail;
}
#ifndef NDEBUG
dvmTestHash();
#endif
assert(!dvmCheckException(dvmThreadSelf()));
gDvm.initExceptionCount = 0;
return 0;
fail:
dvmShutdown();
return 1;
}
/*
* Register java.* natives from our class libraries. We need to do
* this after we're ready for JNI registration calls, but before we
* do any class initialization.
*
* If we get this wrong, we will blow up in the ThreadGroup class init if
* interpreted code makes any reference to System. It will likely do this
* since it wants to do some java.io.File setup (e.g. for static in/out/err).
*
* We need to have gDvm.initializing raised here so that JNI FindClass
* won't try to use the system/application class loader.
*/
static bool registerSystemNatives(JNIEnv* pEnv)
{
Thread* self;
/* main thread is always first in list */
self = gDvm.threadList;
/* must set this before allowing JNI-based method registration */
self->status = THREAD_NATIVE;
if (jniRegisterSystemMethods(pEnv) < 0) {
LOGW("jniRegisterSystemMethods failed\n");
return false;
}
/* back to run mode */
self->status = THREAD_RUNNING;
return true;
}
/*
* Do zygote-mode-only initialization.
*/
static bool dvmInitZygote(void)
{
/* zygote goes into its own process group */
setpgid(0,0);
return true;
}
/*
* Do non-zygote-mode initialization. This is done during VM init for
* standard startup, or after a "zygote fork" when creating a new process.
*/
bool dvmInitAfterZygote(void)
{
u8 startHeap, startQuit, startJdwp;
u8 endHeap, endQuit, endJdwp;
startHeap = dvmGetRelativeTimeUsec();
/*
* Post-zygote heap initialization, including starting
* the HeapWorker thread.
*/
if (!dvmGcStartupAfterZygote())
return false;
endHeap = dvmGetRelativeTimeUsec();
startQuit = dvmGetRelativeTimeUsec();
/* start signal catcher thread that dumps stacks on SIGQUIT */
if (!gDvm.reduceSignals && !gDvm.noQuitHandler) {
if (!dvmSignalCatcherStartup())
return false;
}
/* start stdout/stderr copier, if requested */
if (gDvm.logStdio) {
if (!dvmStdioConverterStartup())
return false;
}
endQuit = dvmGetRelativeTimeUsec();
startJdwp = dvmGetRelativeTimeUsec();
/*
* Start JDWP thread. If the command-line debugger flags specified
* "suspend=y", this will pause the VM. We probably want this to
* come last.
*/
if (!dvmInitJDWP()) {
LOGD("JDWP init failed; continuing anyway\n");
}
endJdwp = dvmGetRelativeTimeUsec();
LOGV("thread-start heap=%d quit=%d jdwp=%d total=%d usec\n",
(int)(endHeap-startHeap), (int)(endQuit-startQuit),
(int)(endJdwp-startJdwp), (int)(endJdwp-startHeap));
return true;
}
/*
* Prepare for a connection to a JDWP-compliant debugger.
*
* Note this needs to happen fairly late in the startup process, because
* we need to have all of the java.* native methods registered (which in
* turn requires JNI to be fully prepped).
*
* There are several ways to initialize:
* server=n
* We immediately try to connect to host:port. Bail on failure. On
* success, send VM_START (suspending the VM if "suspend=y").
* server=y suspend=n
* Passively listen for a debugger to connect. Return immediately.
* server=y suspend=y
* Wait until debugger connects. Send VM_START ASAP, suspending the
* VM after the message is sent.
*
* This gets more complicated with a nonzero value for "timeout".
*/
static bool dvmInitJDWP(void)
{
assert(!gDvm.zygote);
#ifndef WITH_DEBUGGER
LOGI("Debugger support not compiled into VM\n");
return false;
#endif
/*
* Init JDWP if the debugger is enabled. This may connect out to a
* debugger, passively listen for a debugger, or block waiting for a
* debugger.
*/
if (gDvm.jdwpAllowed && gDvm.jdwpConfigured) {
JdwpStartupParams params;
if (gDvm.jdwpHost != NULL) {
if (strlen(gDvm.jdwpHost) >= sizeof(params.host)-1) {
LOGE("ERROR: hostname too long: '%s'\n", gDvm.jdwpHost);
return false;
}
strcpy(params.host, gDvm.jdwpHost);
} else {
params.host[0] = '\0';
}
params.transport = gDvm.jdwpTransport;
params.server = gDvm.jdwpServer;
params.suspend = gDvm.jdwpSuspend;
params.port = gDvm.jdwpPort;
gDvm.jdwpState = dvmJdwpStartup(¶ms);
if (gDvm.jdwpState == NULL) {
LOGW("WARNING: debugger thread failed to initialize\n");
/* TODO: ignore? fail? need to mimic "expected" behavior */
}
}
/*
* If a debugger has already attached, send the "welcome" message. This
* may cause us to suspend all threads.
*/
if (dvmJdwpIsActive(gDvm.jdwpState)) {
//dvmChangeStatus(NULL, THREAD_RUNNING);
if (!dvmJdwpPostVMStart(gDvm.jdwpState, gDvm.jdwpSuspend)) {
LOGW("WARNING: failed to post 'start' message to debugger\n");
/* keep going */
}
//dvmChangeStatus(NULL, THREAD_NATIVE);
}
return true;
}
/*
* An alternative to JNI_CreateJavaVM/dvmStartup that does the first bit
* of initialization and then returns with "initializing" still set. (Used
* by DexOpt command-line utility.)
*
* Attempting to use JNI or internal natives will fail. It's best if
* no bytecode gets executed, which means no <clinit>, which means no
* exception-throwing. We check the "initializing" flag anyway when
* throwing an exception, so we can insert some code that avoids chucking
* an exception when we're optimizing stuff.
*
* Returns 0 on success.
*/
int dvmPrepForDexOpt(const char* bootClassPath, DexOptimizerMode dexOptMode,
DexClassVerifyMode verifyMode, int dexoptFlags)
{
gDvm.initializing = true;
gDvm.optimizing = true;
/* configure signal handling */
blockSignals();
/* set some defaults */
setCommandLineDefaults();
free(gDvm.bootClassPathStr);
gDvm.bootClassPathStr = strdup(bootClassPath);
/* set opt/verify modes */
gDvm.dexOptMode = dexOptMode;
gDvm.classVerifyMode = verifyMode;
gDvm.generateRegisterMaps = (dexoptFlags & DEXOPT_GEN_REGISTER_MAPS) != 0;
/*
* Initialize the heap, some basic thread control mutexes, and
* get the bootclasspath prepped.
*
* We can't load any classes yet because we may not yet have a source
* for things like java.lang.Object and java.lang.Class.
*/
if (!dvmGcStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmThreadStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmInlineNativeStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmVerificationStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmInstanceofStartup())
goto fail;
if (!dvmClassStartup())
goto fail;
/*
* We leave gDvm.initializing set to "true" so that, if we're not
* able to process the "core" classes, we don't go into a death-spin
* trying to throw a "class not found" exception.
*/
return 0;
fail:
dvmShutdown();
return 1;
}
/*
* All threads have stopped. Finish the shutdown procedure.
*
* We can also be called if startup fails partway through, so be prepared
* to deal with partially initialized data.
*
* Free any storage allocated in gGlobals.
*
* We can't dlclose() shared libs we've loaded, because it's possible a
* thread not associated with the VM is running code in one.
*
* This is called from the JNI DestroyJavaVM function, which can be
* called from any thread. (In practice, this will usually run in the
* same thread that started the VM, a/k/a the main thread, but we don't
* want to assume that.)
*/
void dvmShutdown(void)
{
LOGV("VM shutting down\n");
if (CALC_CACHE_STATS)
dvmDumpAtomicCacheStats(gDvm.instanceofCache);
/*
* Stop our internal threads.
*/
dvmHeapWorkerShutdown();
if (gDvm.jdwpState != NULL)
dvmJdwpShutdown(gDvm.jdwpState);
free(gDvm.jdwpHost);
gDvm.jdwpHost = NULL;
free(gDvm.stackTraceFile);
gDvm.stackTraceFile = NULL;
/* tell signal catcher to shut down if it was started */
dvmSignalCatcherShutdown();
/* shut down stdout/stderr conversion */
dvmStdioConverterShutdown();
/*
* Kill any daemon threads that still exist. Actively-running threads
* are likely to crash the process if they continue to execute while
* the VM shuts down.
*/
dvmSlayDaemons();
LOGD("VM cleaning up\n");
dvmDebuggerShutdown();
dvmReflectShutdown();
#ifdef WITH_PROFILER
dvmProfilingShutdown();
#endif
dvmJniShutdown();
dvmStringInternShutdown();
dvmExceptionShutdown();
dvmThreadShutdown();
dvmClassShutdown();
dvmVerificationShutdown();
dvmInstanceofShutdown();
dvmInlineNativeShutdown();
dvmGcShutdown();
dvmAllocTrackerShutdown();
dvmPropertiesShutdown();
/* these must happen AFTER dvmClassShutdown has walked through class data */
dvmNativeShutdown();
dvmInternalNativeShutdown();
free(gDvm.bootClassPathStr);
free(gDvm.classPathStr);
freeAssertionCtrl();
/*
* We want valgrind to report anything we forget to free as "definitely
* lost". If there's a pointer in the global chunk, it would be reported
* as "still reachable". Erasing the memory fixes this.
*
* This must be erased to zero if we want to restart the VM within this
* process.
*/
memset(&gDvm, 0xcd, sizeof(gDvm));
}
/*
* fprintf() wrapper that calls through the JNI-specified vfprintf hook if
* one was specified.
*/
int dvmFprintf(FILE* fp, const char* format, ...)
{
va_list args;
int result;
va_start(args, format);
if (gDvm.vfprintfHook != NULL)
result = (*gDvm.vfprintfHook)(fp, format, args);
else
result = vfprintf(fp, format, args);
va_end(args);
return result;
}
/*
* Abort the VM. We get here on fatal errors. Try very hard not to use
* this; whenever possible, return an error to somebody responsible.
*/
void dvmAbort(void)
{
LOGE("VM aborting\n");
fflush(NULL); // flush all open file buffers
/* JNI-supplied abort hook gets right of first refusal */
if (gDvm.abortHook != NULL)
(*gDvm.abortHook)();
/*
* If we call abort(), all threads in the process receives a SIBABRT.
* debuggerd dumps the stack trace of the main thread, whether or not
* that was the thread that failed.
*
* By stuffing a value into a bogus address, we cause a segmentation
* fault in the current thread, and get a useful log from debuggerd.
* We can also trivially tell the difference between a VM crash and
* a deliberate abort by looking at the fault address.
*/
*((char*)0xdeadd00d) = 38;
abort();
/* notreached */
}