/* ps.c - show process list
*
* Copyright 2015 Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
*
* See http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/ps.html
* And http://kernel.org/doc/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt Table 1-4
* And linux kernel source fs/proc/array.c function do_task_stat()
*
* Deviations from posix: no -n because /proc/self/wchan exists; we use -n to
* mean "show numeric users and groups" instead.
* Posix says default output should have field named "TTY" but if you "-o tty"
* the same field should be called "TT" which is _INSANE_ and I'm not doing it.
* Similarly -f outputs USER but calls it UID (we call it USER).
* It also says that -o "args" and "comm" should behave differently but use
* the same title, which is not the same title as the default output. (No.)
* Select by session id is -s not -g. Posix doesn't say truncated fields
* should end with "+" but it's pretty common behavior.
*
* Posix defines -o ADDR as "The address of the process" but the process
* start address is a constant on any elf system with mmu. The procps ADDR
* field always prints "-" with an alignment of 1, which is why it has 11
* characters left for "cmd" in in 80 column "ps -l" mode. On x86-64 you
* need 12 chars, leaving nothing for cmd: I.E. posix 2008 ps -l mode can't
* be sanely implemented on 64 bit Linux systems. In procps there's ps -y
* which changes -l by removing the "F" column and swapping RSS for ADDR,
* leaving 9 chars for cmd, so we're using that as our -l output.
*
* Added a bunch of new -o fields posix doesn't mention, and we don't
* label "ps -o command,args,comm" as "COMMAND COMMAND COMMAND". We don't
* output argv[0] unmodified for -o comm or -o args (but procps violates
* posix for -o comm anyway, it's stat[2] not argv[0]).
*
* Note: iotop is STAYROOT so it can read other process's /proc/$PID/io
* files (why they're not globally readable when the rest of proc
* data is...?) and get a global I/O picture. Normal top is NOT,
* even though you can -o AIO there, to give sysadmins the option
* to reduce security exposure.)
*
* TODO: ps aux (att & bsd style "ps -ax" vs "ps ax" behavior difference)
* TODO: switch -fl to -y
* TODO: thread support /proc/$d/task/%d/stat (and -o stat has "l")
* TODO: iotop: Window size change: respond immediately. Why not padding
* at right edge? (Not adjusting to screen size at all? Header wraps?)
* TODO: top: thread support and SMP
* TODO: pgrep -f only searches the amount of cmdline that fits in toybuf.
USE_PS(NEWTOY(ps, "k(sort)*P(ppid)*aAdeflMno*O*p(pid)*s*t*Tu*U*g*G*wZ[!ol][+Ae][!oO]", TOYFLAG_BIN|TOYFLAG_LOCALE))
// stayroot because iotop needs root to read other process' proc/$$/io
// TOP and IOTOP have a large common option block used for common processing,
// the default values are different but the flags are in the same order.
USE_TOP(NEWTOY(top, ">0O*" "Hk*o*p*u*s#<1d%<100=3000m#n#<1bq[!oO]", TOYFLAG_USR|TOYFLAG_BIN|TOYFLAG_LOCALE))
USE_IOTOP(NEWTOY(iotop, ">0AaKO" "Hk*o*p*u*s#<1=7d%<100=3000m#n#<1bq", TOYFLAG_USR|TOYFLAG_BIN|TOYFLAG_STAYROOT|TOYFLAG_LOCALE))
USE_PGREP(NEWTOY(pgrep, "?cld:u*U*t*s*P*g*G*fnovxL:[-no]", TOYFLAG_USR|TOYFLAG_BIN))
USE_PKILL(NEWTOY(pkill, "?Vu*U*t*s*P*g*G*fnovxl:[-no]", TOYFLAG_USR|TOYFLAG_BIN))
config PS
bool "ps"
default y
help
usage: ps [-AadefLlnwZ] [-gG GROUP,] [-k FIELD,] [-o FIELD,] [-p PID,] [-t TTY,] [-uU USER,]
List processes.
Which processes to show (-gGuUpPt selections may be comma separated lists):
-A All -a Has terminal not session leader
-d All but session leaders -e Synonym for -A
-g In GROUPs -G In real GROUPs (before sgid)
-p PIDs (--pid) -P Parent PIDs (--ppid)
-s In session IDs -t Attached to selected TTYs
-T Show threads also -u Owned by selected USERs
-U Real USERs (before suid)
Output modifiers:
-k Sort FIELDs (-FIELD to reverse) -M Measure/pad future field widths
-n Show numeric USER and GROUP -w Wide output (don't truncate fields)
Which FIELDs to show. (-o HELP for list, default = -o PID,TTY,TIME,CMD)
-f Full listing (-o USER:12=UID,PID,PPID,C,STIME,TTY,TIME,ARGS=CMD)
-l Long listing (-o F,S,UID,PID,PPID,C,PRI,NI,ADDR,SZ,WCHAN,TTY,TIME,CMD)
-o Output FIELDs instead of defaults, each with optional :size and =title
-O Add FIELDS to defaults
-Z Include LABEL
config TOP
bool "top"
default y
help
usage: top [-Hbq] [-k FIELD,] [-o FIELD,] [-s SORT] [-n NUMBER] [-m LINES] [-d SECONDS] [-p PID,] [-u USER,]
Show process activity in real time.
-H Show threads
-k Fallback sort FIELDS (default -S,-%CPU,-ETIME,-PID)
-o Show FIELDS (def PID,USER,PR,NI,VIRT,RES,SHR,S,%CPU,%MEM,TIME+,CMDLINE)
-O Add FIELDS (replacing PR,NI,VIRT,RES,SHR,S from default)
-s Sort by field number (1-X, default 9)
-b Batch mode (no tty)
-d Delay SECONDS between each cycle (default 3)
-m Maximum number of tasks to show
-n Exit after NUMBER iterations
-p Show these PIDs
-u Show these USERs
-q Quiet (no header lines)
Cursor LEFT/RIGHT to change sort, UP/DOWN move list, space to force
update, R to reverse sort, Q to exit.
# Requires CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING in the kernel for /proc/$$/io
config IOTOP
bool "iotop"
default y
help
usage: iotop [-AaKObq] [-n NUMBER] [-d SECONDS] [-p PID,] [-u USER,]
Rank processes by I/O.
-A All I/O, not just disk
-a Accumulated I/O (not percentage)
-H Show threads
-K Kilobytes
-k Fallback sort FIELDS (default -[D]IO,-ETIME,-PID)
-m Maximum number of tasks to show
-O Only show processes doing I/O
-o Show FIELDS (default PID,PR,USER,[D]READ,[D]WRITE,SWAP,[D]IO,COMM)
-s Sort by field number (0-X, default 6)
-b Batch mode (no tty)
-d Delay SECONDS between each cycle (default 3)
-n Exit after NUMBER iterations
-p Show these PIDs
-u Show these USERs
-q Quiet (no header lines)
Cursor LEFT/RIGHT to change sort, UP/DOWN move list, space to force
update, R to reverse sort, Q to exit.
config PGREP
bool "pgrep"
default y
help
usage: pgrep [-clfnovx] [-d DELIM] [-L SIGNAL] [PATTERN] [-G GID,] [-g PGRP,] [-P PPID,] [-s SID,] [-t TERM,] [-U UID,] [-u EUID,]
Search for process(es). PATTERN is an extended regular expression checked
against command names.
-c Show only count of matches
-d Use DELIM instead of newline
-L Send SIGNAL instead of printing name
-l Show command name
-f Check full command line for PATTERN
-G Match real Group ID(s)
-g Match Process Group(s) (0 is current user)
-n Newest match only
-o Oldest match only
-P Match Parent Process ID(s)
-s Match Session ID(s) (0 for current)
-t Match Terminal(s)
-U Match real User ID(s)
-u Match effective User ID(s)
-v Negate the match
-x Match whole command (not substring)
config PKILL
bool "pkill"
default y
help
usage: pkill [-fnovx] [-SIGNAL|-l SIGNAL] [PATTERN] [-G GID,] [-g PGRP,] [-P PPID,] [-s SID,] [-t TERM,] [-U UID,] [-u EUID,]
-l Send SIGNAL (default SIGTERM)
-V Verbose
-f Check full command line for PATTERN
-G Match real Group ID(s)
-g Match Process Group(s) (0 is current user)
-n Newest match only
-o Oldest match only
-P Match Parent Process ID(s)
-s Match Session ID(s) (0 for current)
-t Match Terminal(s)
-U Match real User ID(s)
-u Match effective User ID(s)
-v Negate the match
-x Match whole command (not substring)
*/
#define FOR_ps
#include "toys.h"
GLOBALS(
union {
struct {
struct arg_list *G, *g, *U, *u, *t, *s, *p, *O, *o, *P, *k;
} ps;
struct {
long n, m, d, s;
struct arg_list *u, *p, *o, *k, *O;
} top;
struct {
char *L;
struct arg_list *G, *g, *P, *s, *t, *U, *u;
char *d;
void *regexes, *snapshot;
int signal;
pid_t self, match;
} pgrep;
};
struct ptr_len gg, GG, pp, PP, ss, tt, uu, UU;
struct dirtree *threadparent;
unsigned width, height;
dev_t tty;
void *fields, *kfields;
long long ticks, bits, time;
int kcount, forcek, sortpos;
int (*match_process)(long long *slot);
void (*show_process)(void *tb);
)
// Linked list of -o fields selected for display, in order, with :len and =title
struct ofields {
struct ofields *next, *prev;
short which, len, reverse;
char *title;
};
/* The function get_ps() reads all the data about one process, saving it in
* toybox as a struct procpid. Simple ps calls then pass toybuf directly to
* show_ps(), but features like sorting append a copy to a linked list
* for further processing once all processes have been read.
*
* struct procpid contains a slot[] array of 64 bit values, with the following
* data at each position in the array. Most is read from /proc/$PID/stat (see
* https://kernel.org/doc/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt table 1-4) but
* we replace several fields with don't use with other data. */
enum {
SLOT_pid, /*process id*/ SLOT_ppid, // parent process id
SLOT_pgrp, /*process group*/ SLOT_sid, // session id
SLOT_ttynr, /*tty the process uses*/ SLOT_ttypgrp, // pgrp of the tty
SLOT_flags, /*task flags*/ SLOT_minflt, // minor faults
SLOT_cminflt, /*minor faults+child*/ SLOT_majflt, // major faults
SLOT_cmajflt, /*major faults+child*/ SLOT_utime, // user+kernel jiffies
SLOT_stime, /*kernel mode jiffies*/ SLOT_cutime, // utime+child utime
SLOT_cstime, /*stime+child*/ SLOT_priority, // priority level
SLOT_nice, /*nice level*/ SLOT_numthreads,// thread count
SLOT_vmlck, /*locked memory*/ SLOT_starttime, // jiffies after boot
SLOT_vsize, /*virtual memory size*/ SLOT_rss, // resident set size
SLOT_rsslim, /*limit in bytes on rss*/ SLOT_startcode, // code segment addr
SLOT_endcode, /*code segment address*/ SLOT_startstack,// stack address
SLOT_esp, /*task stack pointer*/ SLOT_eip, // instruction pointer
SLOT_iobytes, /*All I/O bytes*/ SLOT_diobytes, // disk I/O bytes
SLOT_utime2, /*relative utime (top)*/ SLOT_uid, // user id
SLOT_ruid, /*real user id*/ SLOT_gid, // group id
SLOT_rgid, /*real group id*/ SLOT_exitsig, // sent to parent
SLOT_taskcpu, /*CPU running on*/ SLOT_rtprio, // realtime priority
SLOT_policy, /*man sched_setscheduler*/SLOT_blkioticks,// IO wait time
SLOT_gtime, /*guest jiffies of task*/ SLOT_cgtime, // gtime+child
SLOT_startbss, /*data/bss address*/ SLOT_endbss, // end addr data+bss
// end of /proc/$PID/stat fields
SLOT_upticks, /*uptime-starttime*/ SLOT_argv0len, // argv[0] length
SLOT_uptime, /*sysinfo.uptime*/ SLOT_totalram, // sysinfo.totalram
SLOT_vsz, /*Virtual mem Size*/ SLOT_shr, // Shared memory
SLOT_pcy, /*Android sched pol*/ SLOT_rchar, // All bytes read
SLOT_wchar, /*All bytes written*/ SLOT_rbytes, // Disk bytes read
SLOT_wbytes, /*Disk bytes written*/ SLOT_swap, // Swap pages used
SLOT_bits, /*32 or 64*/ SLOT_tid, // Thread ID
SLOT_tcount, /*Thread count*/
SLOT_count /* Size of array */
};
/* In addition to slot[], carevup contains 6 string fields to display
command name, tty device, selinux label... They're stored one after the
other in str[] (separated by null terminators), and offset[] contains the
starting position of each string after the first (which is always 0). */
// Data layout in toybuf
struct procpid {
long long slot[SLOT_count]; // data (see enum above)
unsigned short offset[6]; // offset of fields in str[] (skip CMD, always 0)
char state;
char str[]; // CMD, TTY, WCHAN, LABEL, COMM, ARGS, NAME
};
/* The typos[] array lists all the types understood by "ps -o", I.E all the
* columns ps and top know how to display. Each entry has:
*
* name: the column name, displayed at top and used to select column with -o
*
* width: the display width. Fields are padded to this width when displaying
* to a terminal (negative means right justified). Strings are truncated
* to fit, numerical fields are padded but not truncated (although
* the display code reclaims unused padding from later fields to try to
* get the overflow back).
*
* slot: which slot[] out of procpid. Negative means it's a string field.
* value|XX requests extra display/sort processing.
*
* The TAGGED_ARRAY plumbing produces an enum of indexes, the "tag" is the
* first string argument and the prefix is the first argument to TAGGED_ARRAY
* so in this case "NAME" becomes PS_NAME which is the offset into typos[]
* for that entry, and also _PS_NAME (the bit position, 1<<PS_NAME).
* We record active columns in TT.bits, ala:
*
* if (TT.bits & _PS_NAME) printf("-o included PS_NAME");
*/
#define XX 64 // force string representation for sorting, etc
// TODO: Android uses -30 for LABEL, but ideally it would auto-size.
struct typography {
char *name, *help;
signed char width, slot;
} static const typos[] = TAGGED_ARRAY(PS,
// Numbers. (What's in slot[] is what's displayed, sorted numerically.)
{"PID", "Process ID", 5, SLOT_pid},
{"PPID", "Parent Process ID", 5, SLOT_ppid},
{"PRI", "Priority (dynamic 0 to 139)", 3, SLOT_priority},
{"NI", "Niceness (static 19 to -20)", 3, SLOT_nice},
{"ADDR", "Instruction pointer", 4+sizeof(long), SLOT_eip},
{"SZ", "4k pages to swap out", 5, SLOT_vsize},
{"RSS", "Resident Set Size (DRAM pages)", 6, SLOT_rss},
{"PGID", "Process Group ID", 5, SLOT_pgrp},
{"VSZ", "Virtual memory size (1k units)", 7, SLOT_vsize},
{"MAJFL", "Major page faults", 6, SLOT_majflt},
{"MINFL", "Minor page faults", 6, SLOT_minflt},
{"PR", "Prio Reversed (dyn 39-0, RT)", 2, SLOT_priority},
{"PSR", "Processor last executed on", 3, SLOT_taskcpu},
{"RTPRIO", "Realtime priority", 6, SLOT_rtprio},
{"SCH", "Scheduling policy (0=other, 1=fifo, 2=rr, 3=batch, 4=iso, 5=idle)",
3, SLOT_policy},
{"CPU", "Which processor running on", 3, SLOT_taskcpu},
{"TID", "Thread ID", 5, SLOT_tid},
{"TCNT", "Thread count", 4, SLOT_tcount},
{"BIT", "32 or 64", 3, SLOT_bits},
// String fields (-1 is procpid->str, rest are str+offset[1-slot])
{"TTY", "Controlling terminal", -8, -2},
{"WCHAN", "Wait location in kernel", -6, -3},
{"LABEL", "Security label", -30, -4},
{"COMM", "EXE filename (/proc/PID/exe)", -27, -5},
{"NAME", "Process name (PID's argv[0])", -27, -7},
{"COMMAND", "EXE path (/proc/PID/exe)", -27, -5},
{"CMDLINE", "Command line (argv[])", -27, -6},
{"ARGS", "CMDLINE minus initial path", -27, -6},
{"CMD", "Thread name (/proc/TID/stat:2)", -15, -1},
// user/group (may call getpwuid() or similar)
{"UID", "User id", 5, SLOT_uid},
{"USER", "User name", -12, XX|SLOT_uid},
{"RUID", "Real (before suid) user ID", 4, SLOT_ruid},
{"RUSER", "Real (before suid) user name", -8, XX|SLOT_ruid},
{"GID", "Group ID", 8, SLOT_gid},
{"GROUP", "Group name", -8, XX|SLOT_gid},
{"RGID", "Real (before sgid) Group ID", 4, SLOT_rgid},
{"RGROUP", "Real (before sgid) group name", -8, XX|SLOT_rgid},
// clock displays (00:00:00)
{"TIME", "CPU time consumed", 8, SLOT_utime},
{"ELAPSED", "Elapsed time since PID start", 11, SLOT_starttime},
{"TIME+", "CPU time (high precision)", 9, SLOT_utime},
// Percentage displays (fixed point, one decimal digit. 123 -> 12.3)
{"C", "Total %CPU used since start", 1, SLOT_utime2},
{"%VSZ", "VSZ as % of physical memory", 5, SLOT_vsize},
{"%MEM", "RSS as % of physical memory", 5, SLOT_rss},
{"%CPU", "Percentage of CPU time used", 4, SLOT_utime2},
// human_readable (function human_readable() in lib, 1.23M, 1.4G, etc)
{"VIRT", "Virtual memory size", 4, SLOT_vsz},
{"RES", "Short RSS", 4, SLOT_rss},
{"SHR", "Shared memory", 4, SLOT_shr},
{"READ", "Data read", 6, SLOT_rchar},
{"WRITE", "Data written", 6, SLOT_wchar},
{"IO", "Data I/O", 6, SLOT_iobytes},
{"DREAD", "Data read from disk", 6, SLOT_rbytes},
{"DWRITE", "Data written to disk", 6, SLOT_wbytes},
{"SWAP", "Swap I/O", 6, SLOT_swap},
{"DIO", "Disk I/O", 6, SLOT_diobytes},
// Misc (special cases)
{"STIME", "Start time (ISO 8601)", 5, SLOT_starttime},
{"F", "Flags 1=FORKNOEXEC 4=SUPERPRIV", 1, XX|SLOT_flags},
{"S", "Process state:\n"
"\t R (running) S (sleeping) D (device I/O) T (stopped) t (trace stop)\n"
"\t X (dead) Z (zombie) P (parked) I (idle)\n"
"\t Also between Linux 2.6.33 and 3.13:\n"
"\t x (dead) K (wakekill) W (waking)\n",
-1, XX},
{"STAT", "Process state (S) plus:\n"
"\t < high priority N low priority L locked memory\n"
"\t s session leader + foreground l multithreaded",
-5, XX},
{"PCY", "Android scheduling policy", 3, XX|SLOT_pcy},
);
// Show sorted "-o help" text for fields listed in toybuf[len]
static void help_fields(int len, int multi)
{
int i, j, k, left = 0;
struct typography *t;
// Quick and dirty sort of toybuf[] entries (see TODO below)
for (j = len; j--; ) {
k = -1;
for (i=0; i<j; i++) {
if (strcmp(typos[toybuf[i]].name, typos[toybuf[i+1]].name)>0) {
k = toybuf[i];
toybuf[i] = toybuf[i+1];
toybuf[i+1] = k;
}
}
if (k == -1) break;
}
// Display loop
for (i = j = 0; i<len; i++, j++) {
t = (void *)(typos+toybuf[i]);
if (strlen(t->help)>30) {
if (multi) printf(" %-8s%s\n", t->name, t->help);
else j--;
} else if (!multi) {
left = !(j&1);
printf(" %-8s%*s%c"+2*!left, t->name, -30*left, t->help, 10+22*left);
}
}
if (!multi && left) xputc('\n');
}
// Print help text for each -o field, with categories.
static void help_help(void)
{
int i, jump = PS_CMD+1-PS_COMM;
// TODO: sort the array of -o types so they're already alphabetical and
// don't need sorting here. A regex to find everything that currently cares
// about symbol order might be: "which *[><]=* *PS"
// First show the half-dozen variants of command line display.
printf("Command line field types:\n\n");
for (i = 0; i<jump; i++) toybuf[i] = PS_COMM+i;
help_fields(jump, 0);
// Show the rest of the -o types, starting with the ones that don't columnize
printf("\nProcess attribute field types:\n\n");
for (i = 0; i<ARRAY_LEN(typos)-jump; i++) toybuf[i] = i+(i>=PS_COMM)*jump;
help_fields(ARRAY_LEN(typos)-jump, 1);
help_fields(ARRAY_LEN(typos)-jump, 0);
xexit();
}
// process match filter for top/ps/pgrep: Return 0 to discard, nonzero to keep
static int shared_match_process(long long *slot)
{
struct ptr_len match[] = {
{&TT.gg, SLOT_gid}, {&TT.GG, SLOT_rgid}, {&TT.pp, SLOT_pid},
{&TT.PP, SLOT_ppid}, {&TT.ss, SLOT_sid}, {&TT.tt, SLOT_ttynr},
{&TT.uu, SLOT_uid}, {&TT.UU, SLOT_ruid}
};
int i, j;
long *ll = 0;
// Do we have -g -G -p -P -s -t -u -U options selecting processes?
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_LEN(match); i++) {
struct ptr_len *mm = match[i].ptr;
if (mm->len) {
ll = mm->ptr;
for (j = 0; j<mm->len; j++) if (ll[j] == slot[match[i].len]) return 1;
}
}
return ll ? 0 : -1;
}
// process match filter for ps: Return 0 to discard, nonzero to keep
static int ps_match_process(long long *slot)
{
int i = shared_match_process(slot);
if (i>0) return 1;
// If we had selections and didn't match them, don't display
if (!i) return 0;
// Filter implicit categories for other display types
if ((FLAG(a)||FLAG(d)) && slot[SLOT_sid]==*slot) return 0;
if (FLAG(a) && !slot[SLOT_ttynr]) return 0;
if (!(FLAG(a)||FLAG(d)||FLAG(A)||FLAG(e)) && TT.tty!=slot[SLOT_ttynr])
return 0;
return 1;
}
// Generate display string (260 bytes at end of toybuf) from struct ofield
static char *string_field(struct procpid *tb, struct ofields *field)
{
char *buf = toybuf+sizeof(toybuf)-260, *out = buf, *s;
int which = field->which, sl = typos[which].slot;
long long *slot = tb->slot, ll = (sl >= 0) ? slot[sl&(XX-1)] : 0;
// numbers, mostly from /proc/$PID/stat
if (which <= PS_BIT) {
char *fmt = "%lld";
if (which==PS_PRI) ll = 39-ll;
if (which==PS_ADDR) fmt = "%llx";
else if (which==PS_SZ) ll >>= 12;
else if (which==PS_RSS) ll <<= 2;
else if (which==PS_VSZ) ll >>= 10;
else if (which==PS_PR && ll<-9) fmt="RT";
else if ((which==PS_RTPRIO || which==PS_BIT) && ll == 0) fmt="-";
sprintf(out, fmt, ll);
// String fields
} else if (sl < 0) {
out = tb->str;
sl *= -1;
// First string slot has offset 0, others are offset[-slot-2]
if (--sl) out += tb->offset[--sl];
if (which==PS_ARGS || which==PS_COMM) {
int i;
s = out;
for (i = 0; (which==PS_ARGS) ? i < slot[SLOT_argv0len] : out[i]; i++)
if (out[i] == '/') s = out+i+1;
out = s;
}
if (which>=PS_COMM && !*out) sprintf(out = buf, "[%s]", tb->str);
// user/group
} else if (which <= PS_RGROUP) {
sprintf(out, "%lld", ll);
if (sl&XX) {
if (which > PS_RUSER) {
struct group *gr = bufgetgrgid(ll);
if (gr) out = gr->gr_name;
} else {
struct passwd *pw = bufgetpwuid(ll);
if (pw) out = pw->pw_name;
}
}
// Clock displays
} else if (which <= PS_TIME_) {
int unit = 60, pad = 2, j = TT.ticks;
time_t seconds;
if (which!=PS_TIME_) unit *= 60*24;
else pad = 0;
// top adjusts slot[SLOT_upticks], we want original meaning.
if (which==PS_ELAPSED) ll = (slot[SLOT_uptime]*j)-slot[SLOT_starttime];
seconds = ll/j;
// Output days-hours:mins:secs, skipping non-required fields with zero
// TIME has 3 required fields, ETIME has 2. (Posix!) TIME+ is from top
for (s = 0, j = 2*(which==PS_TIME_); j<4; j++) {
if (!s && (seconds>unit || j == 1+(which!=PS_TIME))) s = out;
if (s) {
s += sprintf(s, j ? "%0*ld": "%*ld", pad, (long)(seconds/unit));
pad = 2;
if ((*s = "-::"[j])) s++;
}
seconds %= unit;
unit /= j ? 60 : 24;
}
if (which==PS_TIME_ && s-out<8)
sprintf(s, ".%02lld", (100*(ll%TT.ticks))/TT.ticks);
// Percentage displays
} else if (which <= PS__CPU) {
ll = slot[sl&(XX-1)]*1000;
if (which==PS__VSZ || which==PS__MEM)
ll /= slot[SLOT_totalram]/((which==PS__VSZ) ? 1024 : 4096);
else if (slot[SLOT_upticks]) ll /= slot[SLOT_upticks];
sl = ll;
if (which==PS_C) sl += 5;
sprintf(out, "%d", sl/10);
if (which!=PS_C && sl<1000) sprintf(out+strlen(out), ".%d", sl%10);
// Human readable
} else if (which <= PS_DIO) {
ll = slot[typos[which].slot];
if (which <= PS_SHR) ll *= sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
if (TT.forcek) sprintf(out, "%lldk", ll/1024);
else human_readable(out, ll, 0);
// Posix doesn't specify what flags should say. Man page says
// 1 for PF_FORKNOEXEC and 4 for PF_SUPERPRIV from linux/sched.h
} else if (which==PS_F) sprintf(out, "%llo", (slot[SLOT_flags]>>6)&5);
else if (which==PS_S || which==PS_STAT) {
s = out;
*s++ = tb->state;
if (which==PS_STAT) {
// TODO l = multithreaded
if (slot[SLOT_nice]<0) *s++ = '<';
else if (slot[SLOT_nice]>0) *s++ = 'N';
if (slot[SLOT_sid]==*slot) *s++ = 's';
if (slot[SLOT_vmlck]) *s++ = 'L';
if (slot[SLOT_ttypgrp]==*slot) *s++ = '+';
}
*s = 0;
} else if (which==PS_STIME) {
time_t t = time(0)-slot[SLOT_uptime]+slot[SLOT_starttime]/TT.ticks;
// Padding behavior's a bit odd: default field size is just hh:mm.
// Increasing stime:size reveals more data at left until full,
// so move start address so yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm revealed on left at :16,
// then add :ss on right for :19.
strftime(out, 260, "%F %T", localtime(&t));
out = out+strlen(out)-3-abs(field->len);
if (out<buf) out = buf;
} else if (which==PS_PCY) sprintf(out, "%.2s", get_sched_policy_name(ll));
else if (CFG_TOYBOX_DEBUG) error_exit("bad which %d", which);
return out;
}
// Display process data that get_ps() read from /proc, formatting via TT.fields
static void show_ps(void *p)
{
struct procpid *tb = p;
struct ofields *field;
int pad, len, width = TT.width, abslen, sign, olen, extra = 0;
// Loop through fields to display
for (field = TT.fields; field; field = field->next) {
char *out = string_field(tb, field);
// Output the field, appropriately padded
// Minimum one space between each field
if (width<2) break;
if (field != TT.fields) {
putchar(' ');
width--;
}
// Don't truncate number fields, but try to reclaim extra offset from later
// fields that can naturally be shorter
abslen = abs(field->len);
sign = field->len<0 ? -1 : 1;
olen = (TT.tty) ? utf8len(out) : strlen(out);
if ((field->which<=PS_BIT || FLAG(w)) && olen>abslen) {
// overflow but remember by how much
extra += olen-abslen;
abslen = olen;
} else if (extra && olen<abslen) {
int unused = abslen-olen;
// If later fields have slack space, take back overflow
if (unused>extra) unused = extra;
abslen -= unused;
extra -= unused;
}
if (abslen>width) abslen = width;
len = pad = abslen;
pad *= sign;
// If last field is left justified, no trailing spaces.
if (!field->next && sign<0) {
pad = -1;
len = width;
}
// If we truncated a left-justified field, show + instead of last char
if (olen>len && len>1 && sign<0) {
width--;
len--;
if (field->next) pad++;
abslen = 0;
}
if (TT.tty) width -= draw_trim(out, pad, len);
else width -= printf("%*.*s", pad, len, out);
if (!abslen) putchar('+');
if (!width) break;
}
putchar(TT.time ? '\r' : '\n');
}
// dirtree callback: read data about a process, then display or store it.
// Fills toybuf with struct procpid and either DIRTREE_SAVEs a copy to ->extra
// (in -k mode) or calls show_ps directly on toybuf (for low memory systems).
static int get_ps(struct dirtree *new)
{
struct {
char *name; // Path under /proc/$PID directory
long long bits; // Only fetch extra data if an -o field is displaying it
} fetch[] = {
// sources for procpid->offset[] data
{"fd/", _PS_TTY}, {"wchan", _PS_WCHAN}, {"attr/current", _PS_LABEL},
{"exe", _PS_COMMAND|_PS_COMM}, {"cmdline", _PS_CMDLINE|_PS_ARGS|_PS_NAME},
{"", _PS_NAME}
};
struct procpid *tb = (void *)toybuf;
long long *slot = tb->slot;
char *name, *s, *buf = tb->str, *end = 0;
struct sysinfo si;
int i, j, fd;
off_t len;
// Recurse one level into /proc children, skip non-numeric entries
if (!new->parent)
return DIRTREE_RECURSE|DIRTREE_SHUTUP|DIRTREE_PROC
|(DIRTREE_SAVE*(TT.threadparent||!TT.show_process));
// Grab PID and figure out if we're a thread or a process
memset(slot, 0, sizeof(tb->slot));
slot[SLOT_tid] = *slot = atol(new->name);
if (TT.threadparent && TT.threadparent->extra) {
struct procpid *tb2 = (struct procpid *)TT.threadparent->extra;
*slot = *tb2->slot;
// Parent also shows up as a thread, but we need to reread task/stat fields
// to get non-collated info for just parent thread (vs whole process).
if (*slot == slot[SLOT_tid]) slot = tb2->slot;
}
fd = dirtree_parentfd(new);
// Read /proc/$PID/stat into half of toybuf.
len = 2048;
sprintf(buf, "%lld/stat", slot[SLOT_tid]);
if (!readfileat(fd, buf, buf, &len)) return 0;
// parse oddball fields: the first field is same as new->name (skip it)
// and the second and third (name and state) are the only non-numeric fields.
// Name has (parentheses) around it, and can have embedded ')' so match
// _last_ ')' (VFS limits filenames to 255 bytes max, sanity check that).
// TODO: kernel task struct actually limits name to 16 chars?
if (!(name = strchr(buf, '('))) return 0;
for (s = ++name; *s; s++) if (*s == ')') end = s;
if (!end || end-name>255) return 0;
if (1>sscanf(s = end, ") %c%n", &tb->state, &i)) return 0;
// All remaining fields should be numeric, parse them into slot[] array
// (skipping first 3 stat fields and first slot[], both were handled above)
// yes this means the alignment's off: stat[4] becomes slot[1]
for (j = SLOT_ppid; j<SLOT_upticks; j++)
if (1>sscanf(s += i, " %lld%n", slot+j, &i)) break;
// Now we've read the data, move status and name right after slot[] array,
// and convert low chars to ? for non-tty display while we're at it.
for (i = 0; i<end-name; i++)
if ((tb->str[i] = name[i]) < ' ')
if (!TT.tty) tb->str[i] = '?';
buf = tb->str+i;
*buf++ = 0;
len = sizeof(toybuf)-(buf-toybuf);
// Overwrite useless/obsolete stat fields with more interesting data.
// save uid, ruid, gid, gid, and rgid int slots 31-34 (we don't use sigcatch
// or numeric wchan, and the remaining two are always zero), and vmlck into
// 18 (which is "obsolete, always 0" from stat)
slot[SLOT_uid] = new->st.st_uid;
slot[SLOT_gid] = new->st.st_gid;
// TIME and TIME+ use combined value, ksort needs 'em added.
slot[SLOT_utime] += slot[SLOT_stime];
slot[SLOT_utime2] = slot[SLOT_utime];
// Do we need to read "status"?
if ((TT.bits&(_PS_RGROUP|_PS_RUSER|_PS_STAT|_PS_RUID|_PS_RGID|_PS_SWAP
|_PS_IO|_PS_DIO)) || TT.GG.len || TT.UU.len)
{
off_t temp = len;
sprintf(buf, "%lld/status", slot[SLOT_tid]);
if (!readfileat(fd, buf, buf, &temp)) *buf = 0;
s = strafter(buf, "\nUid:");
slot[SLOT_ruid] = s ? atol(s) : new->st.st_uid;
s = strafter(buf, "\nGid:");
slot[SLOT_rgid] = s ? atol(s) : new->st.st_gid;
if ((s = strafter(buf, "\nVmLck:"))) slot[SLOT_vmlck] = atoll(s);
if ((s = strafter(buf, "\nVmSwap:"))) slot[SLOT_swap] = atoll(s);
}
// Do we need to read "io"?
if (TT.bits&(_PS_READ|_PS_WRITE|_PS_DREAD|_PS_DWRITE|_PS_IO|_PS_DIO)) {
off_t temp = len;
sprintf(buf, "%lld/io", slot[SLOT_tid]);
if (!readfileat(fd, buf, buf, &temp)) *buf = 0;
if ((s = strafter(buf, "rchar:"))) slot[SLOT_rchar] = atoll(s);
if ((s = strafter(buf, "wchar:"))) slot[SLOT_wchar] = atoll(s);
if ((s = strafter(buf, "read_bytes:"))) slot[SLOT_rbytes] = atoll(s);
if ((s = strafter(buf, "write_bytes:"))) slot[SLOT_wbytes] = atoll(s);
slot[SLOT_iobytes] = slot[SLOT_rchar]+slot[SLOT_wchar]+slot[SLOT_swap];
slot[SLOT_diobytes] = slot[SLOT_rbytes]+slot[SLOT_wbytes]+slot[SLOT_swap];
}
// If we were updating thread parent with its own task info, we're done.
if (slot != tb->slot) return 0;
// We now know enough to skip processes we don't care about.
if (TT.match_process && !TT.match_process(slot)) return 0;
// /proc data is generated as it's read, so for maximum accuracy on slow
// systems (or ps | more) we re-fetch uptime as we fetch each /proc line.
sysinfo(&si);
slot[SLOT_uptime] = si.uptime;
slot[SLOT_totalram] = si.totalram;
slot[SLOT_upticks] = slot[SLOT_uptime]*TT.ticks - slot[SLOT_starttime];
// Do we need to read "statm"?
if (TT.bits&(_PS_VIRT|_PS_SHR)) {
off_t temp = len;
sprintf(buf, "%lld/statm", slot[SLOT_tid]);
if (!readfileat(fd, buf, buf, &temp)) *buf = 0;
// Skip redundant RSS field, we got it from stat.
slot[SLOT_vsz] = slot[SLOT_shr] = 0;
sscanf(buf, "%lld %*d %lld", &slot[SLOT_vsz], &slot[SLOT_shr]);
}
// Do we need to read "exe"?
if (TT.bits&_PS_BIT) {
off_t temp = 6;
sprintf(buf, "%lld/exe", slot[SLOT_tid]);
if (readfileat(fd, buf, buf, &temp) && !memcmp(buf, "\177ELF", 4)) {
if (buf[4] == 1) slot[SLOT_bits] = 32;
else if (buf[4] == 2) slot[SLOT_bits] = 64;
}
}
// Do we need Android scheduling policy?
if (TT.bits&_PS_PCY)
get_sched_policy(slot[SLOT_tid], (void *)&slot[SLOT_pcy]);
// Done using buf[] (tb->str) as scratch space, now read string data,
// saving consective null terminated strings. (Save starting offsets into
// str->offset to avoid strlen() loop to find relevant string.)
// Fetch string data while parentfd still available, appending to buf.
// (There's well over 3k of toybuf left. We could dynamically malloc, but
// it'd almost never get used, querying length of a proc file is awkward,
// fixed buffer is nommu friendly... Wait for somebody to complain. :)
// The fetch[] array at the start of the function says what file to read
// and what -o display field outputs it (to skip the ones we don't need).
slot[SLOT_argv0len] = 0;
for (j = 0; j<ARRAY_LEN(fetch); j++) {
tb->offset[j] = buf-(tb->str);
if (!(TT.bits&fetch[j].bits)) {
*buf++ = 0;
continue;
}
// Determine available space: reserve 256 bytes (guaranteed minimum) for
// each string we haven't checked yet, tb->str starts after the numeric
// arrays in struct procpid, and we reserve 260 bytes scratch space at the
// end of toybuf for output conversion in string_field(). Other than that,
// each use all available space, and future strings that don't use their
// guaranteed minimum add to the pool.
len = sizeof(toybuf)-256*(ARRAY_LEN(fetch)-j)-(buf-toybuf)-260;
sprintf(buf, "%lld/%s", slot[SLOT_tid], fetch[j].name);
// For exe (j==3) readlink() instead of reading file's contents
// for -o NAME (j==5) copy data from threadparent (PID) into thread (TID).
if (j==3 || j==5) {
struct procpid *ptb = 0;
int k;
// Thread doesn't have exe or argv[0], so use parent's
if (TT.threadparent && TT.threadparent->extra)
ptb = (void *)TT.threadparent->extra;
if (j==3 && !ptb) len = readlinkat0(fd, buf, buf, len);
else {
if (j==3) i = strlen(s = ptb->str+ptb->offset[3]);
else {
if (!ptb || slot[SLOT_argv0len]) ptb = tb;
i = ptb->slot[SLOT_argv0len];
s = ptb->str+ptb->offset[4];
while (-1!=(k = stridx(s, '/')) && k<i) {
s += k+1;
i -= k+1;
}
}
if (i<len) len = i;
memcpy(buf, s, len);
buf[len] = 0;
}
// Turning stat's SLOT_ttynr into a string is an outright heuristic ordeal.
} else if (!j) {
int rdev = slot[SLOT_ttynr];
struct stat st;
// Call no tty "?" rather than "0:0".
strcpy(buf, "?");
if (rdev) {
// Can we readlink() our way to a name?
for (i = 0; i<3; i++) {
sprintf(buf, "%lld/fd/%i", slot[SLOT_tid], i);
if (!fstatat(fd, buf, &st, 0) && S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)
&& st.st_rdev == rdev && (len = readlinkat0(fd, buf, buf, len)))
break;
}
// Couldn't find it, try all the tty drivers.
if (i == 3) {
FILE *fp = fopen("/proc/tty/drivers", "r");
int tty_major = 0, maj = dev_major(rdev), min = dev_minor(rdev);
if (fp) {
while (fscanf(fp, "%*s %256s %d %*s %*s", buf, &tty_major) == 2) {
// TODO: we could parse the minor range too.
if (tty_major == maj) {
len = strlen(buf);
len += sprintf(buf+len, "%d", min);
if (!stat(buf, &st) && S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) && st.st_rdev==rdev)
break;
}
tty_major = 0;
}
fclose(fp);
}
// Really couldn't find it, so just show major:minor.
if (!tty_major) len = sprintf(buf, "%d:%d", maj, min);
}
s = buf;
if (strstart(&s, "/dev/")) memmove(buf, s, len -= 4);
}
// For the rest, the data we want is in a file we can just read.
} else {
int temp = 0;
// When command has no arguments, don't space over the NUL
if (readfileat(fd, buf, buf, &len) && len>0) {
// Trim trailing whitespace and NUL bytes
while (len)
if (!buf[len-1] || isspace(buf[len-1])) buf[--len] = 0;
else break;
// Turn NUL to space, other low ascii to ? (in non-tty mode), except
// cmdline has a trailing NUL that we don't want to turn to space.
for (i=0; i<len-1; i++) {
char c = buf[i];
if (!c) {
if (!temp) temp = i;
c = ' ';
} else if (!TT.tty && c<' ') c = '?';
buf[i] = c;
}
} else *buf = len = 0;
// Store end of argv[0] so ARGS and CMDLINE can differ.
// We do it for each file string slot but last is cmdline, which sticks.
slot[SLOT_argv0len] = temp ? temp : len; // Position of _first_ NUL
}
// Each case above calculated/retained len, so we don't need to re-strlen.
buf += len+1;
}
// Record that we saw another process, and display/return now if appropriate
TT.kcount++;
if (TT.show_process && !TT.threadparent) {
TT.show_process(tb);
return 0;
}
// We're retaining data (probably to sort it), save copy in list.
s = xmalloc(buf-toybuf);
new->extra = (long)s;
memcpy(s, toybuf, buf-toybuf);
return DIRTREE_SAVE;
}
// wrapper for get_ps() that also collects threads under each processes
static int get_threads(struct dirtree *new)
{
struct dirtree *dt;
struct procpid *tb;
unsigned pid, kcount;
if (!new->parent) return get_ps(new);
pid = atol(new->name);
TT.threadparent = new;
if (!get_ps(new)) {
// it exited out from under us
TT.threadparent = 0;
return 0;
}
// Recurse down into tasks, retaining thread groups.
// Disable show_process at least until we can calculate tcount
kcount = TT.kcount;
sprintf(toybuf, "/proc/%u/task", pid);
new->child = dirtree_flagread(toybuf, DIRTREE_SHUTUP|DIRTREE_PROC, get_ps);
if (new->child == DIRTREE_ABORTVAL) new->child = 0;
TT.threadparent = 0;
kcount = TT.kcount-kcount+1;
tb = (void *)new->extra;
tb->slot[SLOT_tcount] = kcount;
// Fill out tid and thread count for each entry in group (if it didn't exit
// out from under us again; asynchronous reads of unlocked data are fun!)
if (new->child) for (dt = new->child->child; dt; dt = dt->next) {
tb = (void *)dt->extra;
tb->slot[SLOT_pid] = pid;
tb->slot[SLOT_tcount] = kcount;
}
// Save or display
if (!TT.show_process) return DIRTREE_SAVE;
TT.show_process((void *)new->extra);
if ((dt = new->child)) {
new->child = 0;
while (dt->child) {
new = dt->child->next;
TT.show_process((void *)dt->child->extra);
free(dt->child);
dt->child = new;
}
free(dt);
}
return 0;
}
// Parse one FIELD argument (with optional =name :width) into struct ofields
static char *parse_ko(void *data, char *type, int length)
{
struct ofields *field;
char *width, *title, *end, *s;
int i, j, k;
// Caller's WOULD_EXIT catches -o help and prints help
if (length==4 && !strncasecmp(type, "HELP", length)) xexit();
// Get title, length of title, type, end of type, and display width
// Chip off =name to display
if ((end = strchr(type, '=')) && length>(end-type)) {
title = end+1;
length -= (end-type)+1;
} else {
end = type+length;
title = 0;
}
// Chip off :width to display
if ((width = strchr(type, ':')) && width<end) {
if (!title) length = width-type;
} else width = 0;
// Allocate structure plus extra space to append a copy of title data
// (this way it's same lifetime, freeing struct automatically frees title)
field = xzalloc(sizeof(struct ofields)+(length+1)*!!title);
if (title) {
memcpy(field->title = (char *)(field+1), title, length);
field->title[field->len = length] = 0;
}
if (width) {
field->len = strtol(++width, &title, 10);
if (!isdigit(*width) || title != end) return title;
end = --width;
}
// Find type
field->reverse = 1;
if (*type == '-') field->reverse = -1;
else if (*type != '+') type--;
type++;
for (i = 0; i<ARRAY_LEN(typos); i++) {
field->which = i;
for (j = 0; j<2; j++) {
if (!j) s = typos[i].name;
// posix requires alternate names for some fields
else if (-1==(k = stridx((char []){PS_NI, PS_SCH, PS_ELAPSED, PS__CPU,
PS_VSZ, PS_USER, 0}, i))) continue;
else
s = ((char *[]){"NICE", "SCHED", "ETIME", "PCPU", "VSIZE", "UNAME"})[k];
if (!strncasecmp(type, s, end-type) && strlen(s)==end-type) break;
}
if (j!=2) break;
}
if (i==ARRAY_LEN(typos)) return type;
if (!field->title) field->title = typos[field->which].name;
if (!field->len) field->len = typos[field->which].width;
else if (typos[field->which].width<0) field->len *= -1;
dlist_add_nomalloc(data, (void *)field);
return 0;
}
// Write FIELD list into display header string (truncating at blen),
// and return bitfield of which FIELDs are used.
static long long get_headers(struct ofields *field, char *buf, int blen)
{
long long bits = 0;
int len = 0;
for (; field; field = field->next) {
len += snprintf(buf+len, blen-len, " %*s"+!bits, field->len,
field->title);
bits |= 1LL<<field->which;
}
return bits;
}
// Parse command line options -p -s -t -u -U -g -G
static char *parse_rest(void *data, char *str, int len)
{
struct ptr_len *pl = (struct ptr_len *)data;
long *ll = pl->ptr;
char *end;
int num = 0;
// Allocate next chunk of data
if (!(15&pl->len))
ll = pl->ptr = xrealloc(pl->ptr, sizeof(long)*(pl->len+16));
// Parse numerical input
if (isdigit(*str)) {
ll[pl->len] = xstrtol(str, &end, 10);
if (end==(len+str)) num++;
// For pkill, -s 0 represents pkill's session id.
if (pl==&TT.ss && ll[pl->len]==0) ll[pl->len] = getsid(0);
}
if (pl==&TT.pp || pl==&TT.ss) {
if (num && ll[pl->len]>0) {
pl->len++;
return 0;
}
} else if (pl==&TT.tt) {
// -t pts = 12,pts/12 tty = /dev/tty2,tty2,S0
if (!num) {
if (strstart(&str, strcpy(toybuf, "/dev/"))) len -= 5;
if (strstart(&str, "pts/")) {
len -= 4;
num++;
} else if (strstart(&str, "tty")) len -= 3;
}
if (len<256 && (!(end = strchr(str, '/')) || end-str>len)) {
struct stat st;
end = toybuf + sprintf(toybuf, "/dev/%s", num ? "pts/" : "tty");
memcpy(end, str, len);
end[len] = 0;
xstat(toybuf, &st);
ll[pl->len++] = st.st_rdev;
return 0;
}
} else if (len<255) {
char name[256];
if (num) {
pl->len++;
return 0;
}
memcpy(name, str, len);
name[len] = 0;
if (pl==&TT.gg || pl==&TT.GG) {
struct group *gr = getgrnam(name);
if (gr) {
ll[pl->len++] = gr->gr_gid;
return 0;
}
} else if (pl==&TT.uu || pl==&TT.UU) {
struct passwd *pw = getpwnam(name);
if (pw) {
ll[pl->len++] = pw->pw_uid;
return 0;
}
}
}
// Return error
return str;
}
// sort processes by FIELD(s) listed in option -k
static int ksort(void *aa, void *bb)
{
struct ofields *field;
struct procpid *ta = *(struct procpid **)aa, *tb = *(struct procpid **)bb;
int ret = 0, slot;
for (field = TT.kfields; field && !ret; field = field->next) {
slot = typos[field->which].slot;
// Can we do numeric sort?
if (!(slot&XX)) {
if (ta->slot[slot]<tb->slot[slot]) ret = -1;
if (ta->slot[slot]>tb->slot[slot]) ret = 1;
}
// fallback to string sort
if (!ret) {
memccpy(toybuf, string_field(ta, field), 0, 2048);
toybuf[2048] = 0;
ret = strcmp(toybuf, string_field(tb, field));
}
ret *= field->reverse;
}
return ret;
}
// Collect ->extra field from leaf nodes DIRTREE_SAVEd by get_ps() into array
// (recursion because tree from get_thread() isn't flat list of siblings)
static struct procpid **collate_leaves(struct procpid **tb, struct dirtree *dt)
{
while (dt) {
struct dirtree *next = dt->next;
if (dt->extra) *(tb++) = (void *)dt->extra;
if (dt->child) tb = collate_leaves(tb, dt->child);
free(dt);
dt = next;
}
return tb;
}
// Allocate struct procpid array of length count and populate it with ->extra
// fields from dirtree leaf nodes. (top diffs old & new array to show changes)
static struct procpid **collate(int count, struct dirtree *dt)
{
struct procpid **tbsort = xmalloc(count*sizeof(struct procpid *));
collate_leaves(tbsort, dt);
return tbsort;
}
// parse command line arguments (ala -k -o) with a comma separated FIELD list
static void default_ko(char *s, void *fields, char *err, struct arg_list *arg)
{
struct arg_list def;
int x;
memset(&def, 0, sizeof(struct arg_list));
def.arg = s;
WOULD_EXIT(x, comma_args(arg ? arg : &def, fields, err, parse_ko));
if (x) help_help();
}
void ps_main(void)
{
char **arg;
struct dirtree *dt;
char *not_o;
int i;
TT.ticks = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK); // units for starttime/uptime
if (-1 != (i = tty_fd())) {
struct stat st;
if (!fstat(i, &st)) TT.tty = st.st_rdev;
}
// If we can't query terminal size pad to 80 but do -w
TT.width = 80;
if (!isatty(1) || !terminal_size(&TT.width, 0)) toys.optflags |= FLAG_w;
if (FLAG(w)) TT.width = 99999;
// parse command line options other than -o
comma_args(TT.ps.P, &TT.PP, "bad -P", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.ps.p, &TT.pp, "bad -p", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.ps.t, &TT.tt, "bad -t", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.ps.s, &TT.ss, "bad -s", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.ps.u, &TT.uu, "bad -u", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.ps.U, &TT.UU, "bad -U", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.ps.g, &TT.gg, "bad -g", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.ps.G, &TT.GG, "bad -G", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.ps.k, &TT.kfields, "bad -k", parse_ko);
dlist_terminate(TT.kfields);
// It's undocumented, but traditionally extra arguments are extra -p args
for (arg = toys.optargs; *arg; arg++)
if (parse_rest(&TT.pp, *arg, strlen(*arg))) error_exit("bad %s", *arg);
// Figure out which fields to display
not_o = "%sTTY,TIME,CMD";
if (FLAG(f))
sprintf(not_o = toybuf+128,
"USER:12=UID,%%sPPID,%s,STIME,TTY,TIME,ARGS=CMD", FLAG(T) ? "TCNT" :"C");
else if (FLAG(l))
not_o = "F,S,UID,%sPPID,C,PRI,NI,BIT,SZ,WCHAN,TTY,TIME,CMD";
else if (CFG_TOYBOX_ON_ANDROID)
sprintf(not_o = toybuf+128,
"USER,%%sPPID,VSIZE,RSS,WCHAN:10,ADDR:10,S,%s",
FLAG(T) ? "CMD" : "NAME");
sprintf(toybuf, not_o, FLAG(T) ? "PID,TID," : "PID,");
// Init TT.fields. This only uses toybuf if TT.ps.o is NULL
if (FLAG(Z)) default_ko("LABEL", &TT.fields, 0, 0);
default_ko(toybuf, &TT.fields, "bad -o", TT.ps.o);
if (TT.ps.O) {
if (TT.fields) TT.fields = ((struct ofields *)TT.fields)->prev;
comma_args(TT.ps.O, &TT.fields, "bad -O", parse_ko);
if (TT.fields) TT.fields = ((struct ofields *)TT.fields)->next;
}
dlist_terminate(TT.fields);
// -f and -n change the meaning of some fields
if (FLAG(f)||FLAG(n)) {
struct ofields *field;
for (field = TT.fields; field; field = field->next) {
if (FLAG(n) && field->which>=PS_UID
&& field->which<=PS_RGROUP && (typos[field->which].slot&XX))
field->which--;
}
}
// Calculate seen fields bit array, and if we aren't deferring printing
// print headers now (for low memory/nommu systems).
TT.bits = get_headers(TT.fields, toybuf, sizeof(toybuf));
if (!FLAG(M)) printf("%.*s\n", TT.width, toybuf);
if (!(FLAG(k)||FLAG(M))) TT.show_process = show_ps;
TT.match_process = ps_match_process;
dt = dirtree_flagread("/proc", DIRTREE_SHUTUP|DIRTREE_PROC,
(FLAG(T) || (TT.bits&(_PS_TID|_PS_TCNT)))
? get_threads : get_ps);
if ((dt != DIRTREE_ABORTVAL) && (FLAG(k)||FLAG(M))) {
struct procpid **tbsort = collate(TT.kcount, dt);
if (FLAG(M)) {
for (i = 0; i<TT.kcount; i++) {
struct ofields *field;
for (field = TT.fields; field; field = field->next) {
int len = strlen(string_field(tbsort[i], field));
if (abs(field->len)<len) field->len = (field->len<0) ? -len : len;
}
}
// Now that we've recalculated field widths, re-pad headers again
get_headers(TT.fields, toybuf, sizeof(toybuf));
printf("%.*s\n", TT.width, toybuf);
}
if (FLAG(k)) qsort(tbsort, TT.kcount, sizeof(void *), (void *)ksort);
for (i = 0; i<TT.kcount; i++) {
show_ps(tbsort[i]);
free(tbsort[i]);
}
if (CFG_TOYBOX_FREE) free(tbsort);
}
if (CFG_TOYBOX_FREE) {
free(TT.gg.ptr);
free(TT.GG.ptr);
free(TT.pp.ptr);
free(TT.PP.ptr);
free(TT.ss.ptr);
free(TT.tt.ptr);
free(TT.uu.ptr);
free(TT.UU.ptr);
llist_traverse(TT.fields, free);
}
}
#define CLEANUP_ps
#define FOR_top
#include "generated/flags.h"
// select which of the -o fields to sort by
static void setsort(int pos)
{
struct ofields *field, *field2;
int i = 0;
if (pos<0) pos = 0;
for (field = TT.fields; field; field = field->next) {
if ((TT.sortpos = i++)<pos && field->next) continue;
field2 = TT.kfields;
field2->which = field->which;
field2->len = field->len;
break;
}
}
// If we have both, adjust slot[deltas[]] to be relative to previous
// measurement rather than process start. Stomping old.data is fine
// because we free it after displaying.
static int merge_deltas(long long *oslot, long long *nslot, int milis)
{
char deltas[] = {SLOT_utime2, SLOT_iobytes, SLOT_diobytes, SLOT_rchar,
SLOT_wchar, SLOT_rbytes, SLOT_wbytes, SLOT_swap};
int i;
for (i = 0; i<ARRAY_LEN(deltas); i++)
oslot[deltas[i]] = nslot[deltas[i]] - oslot[deltas[i]];
oslot[SLOT_upticks] = (milis*TT.ticks)/1000;
return 1;
}
static int header_line(int line, int rev)
{
if (!line) return 0;
if (FLAG(b)) puts(toybuf);
else {
printf("%s%-*.*s%s\r\n", rev?"\033[7m":"", rev?TT.width:0, TT.width, toybuf,
rev?"\033[0m":"");
}
return line-1;
}
static void top_cursor_cleanup(void)
{
tty_esc("?25h");
}
static void top_common(
int (*filter)(long long *oslot, long long *nslot, int milis))
{
long long timeout = 0, now, stats[16];
struct proclist {
struct procpid **tb;
int count;
long long whence;
} plist[2], *plold, *plnew, old, new, mix;
char scratch[16], *pos, *cpufields[] = {"user", "nice", "sys", "idle",
"iow", "irq", "sirq", "host"};
unsigned tock = 0;
int i, lines, topoff = 0, done = 0;
char stdout_buf[BUFSIZ];
if (!TT.fields) perror_exit("no -o");
// Avoid flicker and hide the cursor in interactive mode.
if (!FLAG(b)) {
setbuf(stdout, stdout_buf);
sigatexit(top_cursor_cleanup);
tty_esc("?25l");
}
toys.signal = SIGWINCH;
TT.bits = get_headers(TT.fields, toybuf, sizeof(toybuf));
*scratch = 0;
memset(plist, 0, sizeof(plist));
memset(stats, 0, sizeof(stats));
do {
struct dirtree *dt;
int recalc = 1;
plold = plist+(tock++&1);
plnew = plist+(tock&1);
plnew->whence = millitime();
dt = dirtree_flagread("/proc", DIRTREE_SHUTUP|DIRTREE_PROC,
(FLAG(H) || (TT.bits&(_PS_TID|_PS_TCNT))) ? get_threads : get_ps);
if (dt == DIRTREE_ABORTVAL) error_exit("no /proc");
plnew->tb = collate(plnew->count = TT.kcount, dt);
TT.kcount = 0;
if (readfile("/proc/stat", pos = toybuf, sizeof(toybuf))) {
long long *st = stats+8*(tock&1);
// user nice system idle iowait irq softirq host
sscanf(pos, "cpu %lld %lld %lld %lld %lld %lld %lld %lld",
st, st+1, st+2, st+3, st+4, st+5, st+6, st+7);
}
// First time, wait a quarter of a second to collect a little delta data.
if (!plold->tb) {
msleep(250);
continue;
}
// Collate old and new into "mix", depends on /proc read in pid sort order
old = *plold;
new = *plnew;
mix.tb = xmalloc((old.count+new.count)*sizeof(struct procpid));
mix.count = 0;
while (old.count || new.count) {
struct procpid *otb = old.count ? *old.tb : 0,
*ntb = new.count ? *new.tb : 0;
// If we just have old for this process, it exited. Discard it.
if (old.count && (!new.count || *otb->slot < *ntb->slot)) {
old.tb++;
old.count--;
continue;
}
// If we just have new, use it verbatim
if (!old.count || *otb->slot > *ntb->slot) mix.tb[mix.count] = ntb;
else {
// Keep or discard
if (filter(otb->slot, ntb->slot, new.whence-old.whence)) {
mix.tb[mix.count] = otb;
mix.count++;
}
old.tb++;
old.count--;
}
new.tb++;
new.count--;
}
// Don't re-fetch data if it's not time yet, just re-display existing data.
for (;;) {
char was, is;
if (recalc) {
qsort(mix.tb, mix.count, sizeof(struct procpid *), (void *)ksort);
if (!FLAG(b)) {
printf("\033[H\033[J");
if (toys.signal) {
toys.signal = 0;
terminal_probesize(&TT.width, &TT.height);
}
}
if (TT.top.m) TT.height = TT.top.m+5;
lines = TT.height;
}
if (recalc && !FLAG(q)) {
// Display "top" header.
if (*toys.which->name == 't') {
struct ofields field;
char *hr0 = toybuf+sizeof(toybuf)-32, *hr1 = hr0-32, *hr2 = hr1-32,
*hr3 = hr2-32;
long long ll, up = 0;
long run[6];
int j;
// Count running, sleeping, stopped, zombie processes.
// The kernel has more states (and different sets in different
// versions), so we need to map them. (R)unning and (Z)ombie are
// easy enough, and since "stopped" is rare (just T and t as of
// Linux 4.20), we assume everything else is "sleeping".
field.which = PS_S;
memset(run, 0, sizeof(run));
for (i = 0; i<mix.count; i++)
run[1+stridx("RTtZ", *string_field(mix.tb[i], &field))]++;
sprintf(toybuf,
"%ss: %d total, %3ld running, %3ld sleeping, %3ld stopped, "
"%3ld zombie", FLAG(H)?"Thread":"Task", mix.count, run[1], run[0],
run[2]+run[3], run[4]);
lines = header_line(lines, 0);
if (readfile("/proc/meminfo", toybuf, sizeof(toybuf))) {
for (i=0; i<6; i++) {
pos = strafter(toybuf, (char *[]){"MemTotal:","\nMemFree:",
"\nBuffers:","\nCached:","\nSwapTotal:","\nSwapFree:"}[i]);
run[i] = pos ? atol(pos) : 0;
}
human_readable(hr0, 1024*run[0], 0);
human_readable(hr1, 1024*(run[0]-run[1]), 0);
human_readable(hr2, 1024*run[1], 0);
human_readable(hr3, 1024*run[2], 0);
sprintf(toybuf, " Mem: %9s total, %9s used, %9s free, %9s buffers",
hr0, hr1, hr2, hr3);
lines = header_line(lines, 0);
human_readable(hr0, 1024*run[4], 0);
human_readable(hr1, 1024*(run[4]-run[5]), 0);
human_readable(hr2, 1024*run[5], 0);
human_readable(hr3, 1024*run[3], 0);
sprintf(toybuf, " Swap: %9s total, %9s used, %9s free, %9s cached",
hr0, hr1, hr2, hr3);
lines = header_line(lines, 0);
}
pos = toybuf;
i = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF);
pos += sprintf(pos, "%d%%cpu", i*100);
j = 4+(i>10);
// If a processor goes idle it's powered down and its idle ticks don't
// advance, so calculate idle time as potential time - used.
if (mix.count) up = mix.tb[0]->slot[SLOT_upticks];
if (!up) up = 1;
now = up*i;
ll = stats[3] = stats[11] = 0;
for (i = 0; i<8; i++) ll += stats[i]-stats[i+8];
stats[3] = now - llabs(ll);
for (i = 0; i<8; i++) {
ll = (llabs(stats[i]-stats[i+8])*1000)/up;
pos += sprintf(pos, "% *lld%%%s", j, (ll+5)/10, cpufields[i]);
}
lines = header_line(lines, 0);
} else {
struct ofields *field;
struct procpid tb;
memset(&tb, 0, sizeof(struct procpid));
pos = stpcpy(toybuf, "Totals:");
for (field = TT.fields; field; field = field->next) {
long long ll, bits = 0;
int slot = typos[field->which].slot&(XX-1);
if (field->which<PS_C || field->which>PS_DIO) continue;
ll = 1LL<<field->which;
if (bits&ll) continue;
bits |= ll;
for (i=0; i<mix.count; i++)
tb.slot[slot] += mix.tb[i]->slot[slot];
pos += snprintf(pos, sizeof(toybuf)/2-(pos-toybuf),
" %s: %*s,", typos[field->which].name,
field->len, string_field(&tb, field));
}
*--pos = 0;
lines = header_line(lines, 0);
}
get_headers(TT.fields, pos = toybuf, sizeof(toybuf));
for (i = 0, is = ' '; *pos; pos++) {
was = is;
is = *pos;
if (isspace(was) && !isspace(is) && i++==TT.sortpos && pos!=toybuf)
pos[-1] = '[';
if (!isspace(was) && isspace(is) && i==TT.sortpos+1) *pos = ']';
}
if (FLAG(b)) while (isspace(*(pos-1))) --pos;
*pos = 0;
lines = header_line(lines, 1);
}
if (!recalc && !FLAG(b))
printf("\033[%dH\033[J", 1+TT.height-lines);
recalc = 1;
for (i = 0; i<lines && i+topoff<mix.count; i++) {
// Running processes are shown in bold.
int bold = !FLAG(b) && mix.tb[i+topoff]->state == 'R';
if (!FLAG(b) && i) putchar('\n');
if (bold) printf("\033[1m");
show_ps(mix.tb[i+topoff]);
if (bold) printf("\033[m");
}
if (TT.top.n && !--TT.top.n) {
done++;
break;
}
now = millitime();
if (timeout<=now) timeout = new.whence+TT.top.d;
if (timeout<=now || timeout>now+TT.top.d) timeout = now+TT.top.d;
// In batch mode, we ignore the keyboard.
if (FLAG(b)) {
msleep(timeout-now);
// Make an obvious gap between datasets.
xputs("\n\n");
break;
} else fflush(stdout);
i = scan_key_getsize(scratch, timeout-now, &TT.width, &TT.height);
if (i==-1 || i==3 || toupper(i)=='Q') {
done++;
break;
}
if (i==-2) break;
if (i==-3) continue;
// Flush unknown escape sequences.
if (i==27) while (0<scan_key_getsize(scratch, 0, &TT.width, &TT.height));
else if (i=='\r' || i==' ') {
timeout = 0;
break;
} else if (toupper(i)=='R')
((struct ofields *)TT.kfields)->reverse *= -1;
else {
i -= 256;
if (i == KEY_LEFT) setsort(TT.sortpos-1);
else if (i == KEY_RIGHT) setsort(TT.sortpos+1);
// KEY_UP is 0, so at end of strchr
else if (strchr((char []){KEY_DOWN,KEY_PGUP,KEY_PGDN,KEY_UP}, i)) {
recalc = 0;
if (i == KEY_UP) topoff--;
else if (i == KEY_DOWN) topoff++;
else if (i == KEY_PGDN) topoff += lines;
else if (i == KEY_PGUP) topoff -= lines;
if (topoff<0) topoff = 0;
if (topoff>mix.count) topoff = mix.count;
}
}
continue;
}
free(mix.tb);
for (i=0; i<plold->count; i++) free(plold->tb[i]);
free(plold->tb);
} while (!done);
if (!FLAG(b)) tty_reset();
}
static void top_setup(char *defo, char *defk)
{
TT.ticks = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK); // units for starttime/uptime
TT.tty = tty_fd() != -1;
// Are we doing "batch" output or interactive?
if (FLAG(b)) TT.width = TT.height = 99999;
else {
// Grab starting time, make terminal raw, switch off cursor,
// set signal handler to put terminal/cursor back to normal at exit.
TT.time = millitime();
start_redraw(&TT.width, &TT.height);
}
comma_args(TT.top.u, &TT.uu, "bad -u", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.top.p, &TT.pp, "bad -p", parse_rest);
TT.match_process = shared_match_process;
default_ko(defo, &TT.fields, "bad -o", TT.top.o);
dlist_terminate(TT.fields);
// First (dummy) sort field is overwritten by setsort()
default_ko("-S", &TT.kfields, 0, 0);
default_ko(defk, &TT.kfields, "bad -k", TT.top.k);
dlist_terminate(TT.kfields);
setsort(TT.top.s-1);
}
void top_main(void)
{
sprintf(toybuf, "%cID,USER,%s%%CPU,%%MEM,TIME+,%s", FLAG(H) ? 'T' : 'P',
TT.top.O ? "" : "PR,NI,VIRT,RES,SHR,S,",
FLAG(H) ? "CMD:15=THREAD,NAME=PROCESS" : "ARGS");
if (!TT.top.s) TT.top.s = TT.top.O ? 3 : 9;
top_setup(toybuf, "-%CPU,-ETIME,-PID");
if (TT.top.O) {
struct ofields *field = TT.fields;
field = field->next->next;
comma_args(TT.top.O, &field, "bad -O", parse_ko);
}
top_common(merge_deltas);
}
#define CLEANUP_top
#define FOR_iotop
#include "generated/flags.h"
// Compare old and new proces lists to measure changes
static int iotop_filter(long long *oslot, long long *nslot, int milis)
{
// Current I/O, or accumulated since process start?
if (!FLAG(a)) merge_deltas(oslot, nslot, milis);
else oslot[SLOT_upticks] = ((millitime()-TT.time)*TT.ticks)/1000;
return !FLAG(O)||oslot[SLOT_iobytes+!FLAG(A)];
}
void iotop_main(void)
{
char *s1 = 0, *s2 = 0, *d = "D"+!!FLAG(A);
if (FLAG(K)) TT.forcek++;
top_setup(s1 = xmprintf("PID,PR,USER,%sREAD,%sWRITE,SWAP,%sIO,COMM",d,d,d),
s2 = xmprintf("-%sIO,-ETIME,-PID",d));
free(s1);
free(s2);
top_common(iotop_filter);
}
// pkill's plumbing wraps pgrep's and thus mostly takes place in pgrep's flag
// context, so force pgrep's flags on even when building pkill standalone.
// (All the pgrep/pkill functions drop out when building ps standalone.)
#define FORCE_FLAGS
#define CLEANUP_iotop
#define FOR_pgrep
#include "generated/flags.h"
struct regex_list {
struct regex_list *next;
regex_t reg;
};
static void do_pgk(struct procpid *tb)
{
if (TT.pgrep.signal) {
if (kill(*tb->slot, TT.pgrep.signal)) {
char *s = num_to_sig(TT.pgrep.signal);
if (!s) sprintf(s = toybuf, "%d", TT.pgrep.signal);
perror_msg("%s->%lld", s, *tb->slot);
}
}
if (!FLAG(c) && (!TT.pgrep.signal || TT.tty)) {
printf("%lld", *tb->slot);
if (FLAG(l))
printf(" %s", tb->str+tb->offset[4]*!!FLAG(f));
printf("%s", TT.pgrep.d ? TT.pgrep.d : "\n");
}
}
static void match_pgrep(void *p)
{
struct procpid *tb = p;
regmatch_t match;
struct regex_list *reg;
char *name = tb->str+tb->offset[4]*!!FLAG(f);
// Never match ourselves.
if (TT.pgrep.self == *tb->slot) return;
if (TT.pgrep.regexes) {
for (reg = TT.pgrep.regexes; reg; reg = reg->next) {
if (regexec(®->reg, name, 1, &match, 0)) continue;
if (FLAG(x))
if (match.rm_so || match.rm_eo!=strlen(name)) continue;
break;
}
if (!FLAG(v) == !reg) return;
}
// pgrep should return success if there's a match.
toys.exitval = 0;
// Repurpose a field for -c count.
TT.sortpos++;
if (FLAG(n)||FLAG(o)) {
long long ll = tb->slot[SLOT_starttime];
if (FLAG(o)) ll *= -1;
if (TT.time && TT.time>ll) return;
TT.time = ll;
free(TT.pgrep.snapshot);
TT.pgrep.snapshot = xmemdup(toybuf, (name+strlen(name)+1)-toybuf);
} else do_pgk(tb);
}
static int pgrep_match_process(long long *slot)
{
return !FLAG(v) == !!shared_match_process(slot);
}
void pgrep_main(void)
{
char **arg;
struct regex_list *reg;
TT.pgrep.self = getpid();
// No signal names start with "L", so no need for "L: " in optstr.
if (TT.pgrep.L && 1>(TT.pgrep.signal = sig_to_num(TT.pgrep.L)))
error_exit("bad -L '%s'", TT.pgrep.L);
comma_args(TT.pgrep.G, &TT.GG, "bad -G", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.pgrep.g, &TT.gg, "bad -g", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.pgrep.P, &TT.PP, "bad -P", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.pgrep.s, &TT.ss, "bad -s", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.pgrep.t, &TT.tt, "bad -t", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.pgrep.U, &TT.UU, "bad -U", parse_rest);
comma_args(TT.pgrep.u, &TT.uu, "bad -u", parse_rest);
if ((toys.optflags&(FLAG_x|FLAG_f)) ||
!(toys.optflags&(FLAG_G|FLAG_g|FLAG_P|FLAG_s|FLAG_t|FLAG_U|FLAG_u)))
if (!toys.optc) help_exit("No PATTERN");
if (FLAG(f)) TT.bits |= _PS_CMDLINE;
for (arg = toys.optargs; *arg; arg++) {
reg = xmalloc(sizeof(struct regex_list));
xregcomp(®->reg, *arg, REG_EXTENDED);
reg->next = TT.pgrep.regexes;
TT.pgrep.regexes = reg;
}
TT.match_process = pgrep_match_process;
TT.show_process = match_pgrep;
// pgrep should return failure if there are no matches.
toys.exitval = 1;
dirtree_flagread("/proc", DIRTREE_SHUTUP|DIRTREE_PROC, get_ps);
if (FLAG(c)) printf("%d\n", TT.sortpos);
if (TT.pgrep.snapshot) {
do_pgk(TT.pgrep.snapshot);
if (CFG_TOYBOX_FREE) free(TT.pgrep.snapshot);
}
if (TT.pgrep.d) xputc('\n');
}
#define CLEANUP_pgrep
#define FOR_pkill
#include "generated/flags.h"
void pkill_main(void)
{
char **args = toys.optargs;
if (!FLAG(l) && *args && **args=='-') TT.pgrep.L = *(args++)+1;
if (!TT.pgrep.L) TT.pgrep.signal = SIGTERM;
if (FLAG(V)) TT.tty = 1;
pgrep_main();
}