/* * Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <errno.h> #include <sys/mount.h> // for _IOW, _IOR, mount() #include <sys/stat.h> #include <mtd/mtd-user.h> #undef NDEBUG #include <assert.h> #include "mtdutils.h" struct MtdPartition { int device_index; unsigned int size; unsigned int erase_size; char *name; }; struct MtdReadContext { const MtdPartition *partition; char *buffer; size_t consumed; int fd; }; struct MtdWriteContext { const MtdPartition *partition; char *buffer; size_t stored; int fd; off_t* bad_block_offsets; int bad_block_alloc; int bad_block_count; }; typedef struct { MtdPartition *partitions; int partitions_allocd; int partition_count; } MtdState; static MtdState g_mtd_state = { NULL, // partitions 0, // partitions_allocd -1 // partition_count }; #define MTD_PROC_FILENAME "/proc/mtd" int mtd_scan_partitions() { char buf[2048]; const char *bufp; int fd; int i; ssize_t nbytes; if (g_mtd_state.partitions == NULL) { const int nump = 32; MtdPartition *partitions = malloc(nump * sizeof(*partitions)); if (partitions == NULL) { errno = ENOMEM; return -1; } g_mtd_state.partitions = partitions; g_mtd_state.partitions_allocd = nump; memset(partitions, 0, nump * sizeof(*partitions)); } g_mtd_state.partition_count = 0; /* Initialize all of the entries to make things easier later. * (Lets us handle sparsely-numbered partitions, which * may not even be possible.) */ for (i = 0; i < g_mtd_state.partitions_allocd; i++) { MtdPartition *p = &g_mtd_state.partitions[i]; if (p->name != NULL) { free(p->name); p->name = NULL; } p->device_index = -1; } /* Open and read the file contents. */ fd = open(MTD_PROC_FILENAME, O_RDONLY); if (fd < 0) { goto bail; } nbytes = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1); close(fd); if (nbytes < 0) { goto bail; } buf[nbytes] = '\0'; /* Parse the contents of the file, which looks like: * * # cat /proc/mtd * dev: size erasesize name * mtd0: 00080000 00020000 "bootloader" * mtd1: 00400000 00020000 "mfg_and_gsm" * mtd2: 00400000 00020000 "0000000c" * mtd3: 00200000 00020000 "0000000d" * mtd4: 04000000 00020000 "system" * mtd5: 03280000 00020000 "userdata" */ bufp = buf; while (nbytes > 0) { int mtdnum, mtdsize, mtderasesize; int matches; char mtdname[64]; mtdname[0] = '\0'; mtdnum = -1; matches = sscanf(bufp, "mtd%d: %x %x \"%63[^\"]", &mtdnum, &mtdsize, &mtderasesize, mtdname); /* This will fail on the first line, which just contains * column headers. */ if (matches == 4) { MtdPartition *p = &g_mtd_state.partitions[mtdnum]; p->device_index = mtdnum; p->size = mtdsize; p->erase_size = mtderasesize; p->name = strdup(mtdname); if (p->name == NULL) { errno = ENOMEM; goto bail; } g_mtd_state.partition_count++; } /* Eat the line. */ while (nbytes > 0 && *bufp != '\n') { bufp++; nbytes--; } if (nbytes > 0) { bufp++; nbytes--; } } return g_mtd_state.partition_count; bail: // keep "partitions" around so we can free the names on a rescan. g_mtd_state.partition_count = -1; return -1; } const MtdPartition * mtd_find_partition_by_name(const char *name) { if (g_mtd_state.partitions != NULL) { int i; for (i = 0; i < g_mtd_state.partitions_allocd; i++) { MtdPartition *p = &g_mtd_state.partitions[i]; if (p->device_index >= 0 && p->name != NULL) { if (strcmp(p->name, name) == 0) { return p; } } } } return NULL; } int mtd_mount_partition(const MtdPartition *partition, const char *mount_point, const char *filesystem, int read_only) { const unsigned long flags = MS_NOATIME | MS_NODEV | MS_NODIRATIME; char devname[64]; int rv = -1; sprintf(devname, "/dev/block/mtdblock%d", partition->device_index); if (!read_only) { rv = mount(devname, mount_point, filesystem, flags, NULL); } if (read_only || rv < 0) { rv = mount(devname, mount_point, filesystem, flags | MS_RDONLY, 0); if (rv < 0) { printf("Failed to mount %s on %s: %s\n", devname, mount_point, strerror(errno)); } else { printf("Mount %s on %s read-only\n", devname, mount_point); } } #if 1 //TODO: figure out why this is happening; remove include of stat.h if (rv >= 0) { /* For some reason, the x bits sometimes aren't set on the root * of mounted volumes. */ struct stat st; rv = stat(mount_point, &st); if (rv < 0) { return rv; } mode_t new_mode = st.st_mode | S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH; if (new_mode != st.st_mode) { printf("Fixing execute permissions for %s\n", mount_point); rv = chmod(mount_point, new_mode); if (rv < 0) { printf("Couldn't fix permissions for %s: %s\n", mount_point, strerror(errno)); } } } #endif return rv; } int mtd_partition_info(const MtdPartition *partition, size_t *total_size, size_t *erase_size, size_t *write_size) { char mtddevname[32]; sprintf(mtddevname, "/dev/mtd/mtd%d", partition->device_index); int fd = open(mtddevname, O_RDONLY); if (fd < 0) return -1; struct mtd_info_user mtd_info; int ret = ioctl(fd, MEMGETINFO, &mtd_info); close(fd); if (ret < 0) return -1; if (total_size != NULL) *total_size = mtd_info.size; if (erase_size != NULL) *erase_size = mtd_info.erasesize; if (write_size != NULL) *write_size = mtd_info.writesize; return 0; } MtdReadContext *mtd_read_partition(const MtdPartition *partition) { MtdReadContext *ctx = (MtdReadContext*) malloc(sizeof(MtdReadContext)); if (ctx == NULL) return NULL; ctx->buffer = malloc(partition->erase_size); if (ctx->buffer == NULL) { free(ctx); return NULL; } char mtddevname[32]; sprintf(mtddevname, "/dev/mtd/mtd%d", partition->device_index); ctx->fd = open(mtddevname, O_RDONLY); if (ctx->fd < 0) { free(ctx); free(ctx->buffer); return NULL; } ctx->partition = partition; ctx->consumed = partition->erase_size; return ctx; } // Seeks to a location in the partition. Don't mix with reads of // anything other than whole blocks; unpredictable things will result. void mtd_read_skip_to(const MtdReadContext* ctx, size_t offset) { lseek64(ctx->fd, offset, SEEK_SET); } static int read_block(const MtdPartition *partition, int fd, char *data) { struct mtd_ecc_stats before, after; if (ioctl(fd, ECCGETSTATS, &before)) { fprintf(stderr, "mtd: ECCGETSTATS error (%s)\n", strerror(errno)); return -1; } loff_t pos = lseek64(fd, 0, SEEK_CUR); ssize_t size = partition->erase_size; int mgbb; while (pos + size <= (int) partition->size) { if (lseek64(fd, pos, SEEK_SET) != pos || read(fd, data, size) != size) { fprintf(stderr, "mtd: read error at 0x%08llx (%s)\n", pos, strerror(errno)); } else if (ioctl(fd, ECCGETSTATS, &after)) { fprintf(stderr, "mtd: ECCGETSTATS error (%s)\n", strerror(errno)); return -1; } else if (after.failed != before.failed) { fprintf(stderr, "mtd: ECC errors (%d soft, %d hard) at 0x%08llx\n", after.corrected - before.corrected, after.failed - before.failed, pos); // copy the comparison baseline for the next read. memcpy(&before, &after, sizeof(struct mtd_ecc_stats)); } else if ((mgbb = ioctl(fd, MEMGETBADBLOCK, &pos))) { fprintf(stderr, "mtd: MEMGETBADBLOCK returned %d at 0x%08llx (errno=%d)\n", mgbb, pos, errno); } else { return 0; // Success! } pos += partition->erase_size; } errno = ENOSPC; return -1; } ssize_t mtd_read_data(MtdReadContext *ctx, char *data, size_t len) { ssize_t read = 0; while (read < (int) len) { if (ctx->consumed < ctx->partition->erase_size) { size_t avail = ctx->partition->erase_size - ctx->consumed; size_t copy = len - read < avail ? len - read : avail; memcpy(data + read, ctx->buffer + ctx->consumed, copy); ctx->consumed += copy; read += copy; } // Read complete blocks directly into the user's buffer while (ctx->consumed == ctx->partition->erase_size && len - read >= ctx->partition->erase_size) { if (read_block(ctx->partition, ctx->fd, data + read)) return -1; read += ctx->partition->erase_size; } if (read >= len) { return read; } // Read the next block into the buffer if (ctx->consumed == ctx->partition->erase_size && read < (int) len) { if (read_block(ctx->partition, ctx->fd, ctx->buffer)) return -1; ctx->consumed = 0; } } return read; } void mtd_read_close(MtdReadContext *ctx) { close(ctx->fd); free(ctx->buffer); free(ctx); } MtdWriteContext *mtd_write_partition(const MtdPartition *partition) { MtdWriteContext *ctx = (MtdWriteContext*) malloc(sizeof(MtdWriteContext)); if (ctx == NULL) return NULL; ctx->bad_block_offsets = NULL; ctx->bad_block_alloc = 0; ctx->bad_block_count = 0; ctx->buffer = malloc(partition->erase_size); if (ctx->buffer == NULL) { free(ctx); return NULL; } char mtddevname[32]; sprintf(mtddevname, "/dev/mtd/mtd%d", partition->device_index); ctx->fd = open(mtddevname, O_RDWR); if (ctx->fd < 0) { free(ctx->buffer); free(ctx); return NULL; } ctx->partition = partition; ctx->stored = 0; return ctx; } static void add_bad_block_offset(MtdWriteContext *ctx, off_t pos) { if (ctx->bad_block_count + 1 > ctx->bad_block_alloc) { ctx->bad_block_alloc = (ctx->bad_block_alloc*2) + 1; ctx->bad_block_offsets = realloc(ctx->bad_block_offsets, ctx->bad_block_alloc * sizeof(off_t)); } ctx->bad_block_offsets[ctx->bad_block_count++] = pos; } static int write_block(MtdWriteContext *ctx, const char *data) { const MtdPartition *partition = ctx->partition; int fd = ctx->fd; off_t pos = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_CUR); if (pos == (off_t) -1) return 1; ssize_t size = partition->erase_size; while (pos + size <= (int) partition->size) { loff_t bpos = pos; int ret = ioctl(fd, MEMGETBADBLOCK, &bpos); if (ret != 0 && !(ret == -1 && errno == EOPNOTSUPP)) { add_bad_block_offset(ctx, pos); fprintf(stderr, "mtd: not writing bad block at 0x%08lx (ret %d errno %d)\n", pos, ret, errno); pos += partition->erase_size; continue; // Don't try to erase known factory-bad blocks. } struct erase_info_user erase_info; erase_info.start = pos; erase_info.length = size; int retry; for (retry = 0; retry < 2; ++retry) { if (ioctl(fd, MEMERASE, &erase_info) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "mtd: erase failure at 0x%08lx (%s)\n", pos, strerror(errno)); continue; } if (lseek(fd, pos, SEEK_SET) != pos || write(fd, data, size) != size) { fprintf(stderr, "mtd: write error at 0x%08lx (%s)\n", pos, strerror(errno)); } char verify[size]; if (lseek(fd, pos, SEEK_SET) != pos || read(fd, verify, size) != size) { fprintf(stderr, "mtd: re-read error at 0x%08lx (%s)\n", pos, strerror(errno)); continue; } if (memcmp(data, verify, size) != 0) { fprintf(stderr, "mtd: verification error at 0x%08lx (%s)\n", pos, strerror(errno)); continue; } if (retry > 0) { fprintf(stderr, "mtd: wrote block after %d retries\n", retry); } fprintf(stderr, "mtd: successfully wrote block at %llx\n", pos); return 0; // Success! } // Try to erase it once more as we give up on this block add_bad_block_offset(ctx, pos); fprintf(stderr, "mtd: skipping write block at 0x%08lx\n", pos); ioctl(fd, MEMERASE, &erase_info); pos += partition->erase_size; } // Ran out of space on the device errno = ENOSPC; return -1; } ssize_t mtd_write_data(MtdWriteContext *ctx, const char *data, size_t len) { size_t wrote = 0; while (wrote < len) { // Coalesce partial writes into complete blocks if (ctx->stored > 0 || len - wrote < ctx->partition->erase_size) { size_t avail = ctx->partition->erase_size - ctx->stored; size_t copy = len - wrote < avail ? len - wrote : avail; memcpy(ctx->buffer + ctx->stored, data + wrote, copy); ctx->stored += copy; wrote += copy; } // If a complete block was accumulated, write it if (ctx->stored == ctx->partition->erase_size) { if (write_block(ctx, ctx->buffer)) return -1; ctx->stored = 0; } // Write complete blocks directly from the user's buffer while (ctx->stored == 0 && len - wrote >= ctx->partition->erase_size) { if (write_block(ctx, data + wrote)) return -1; wrote += ctx->partition->erase_size; } } return wrote; } off_t mtd_erase_blocks(MtdWriteContext *ctx, int blocks) { // Zero-pad and write any pending data to get us to a block boundary if (ctx->stored > 0) { size_t zero = ctx->partition->erase_size - ctx->stored; memset(ctx->buffer + ctx->stored, 0, zero); if (write_block(ctx, ctx->buffer)) return -1; ctx->stored = 0; } off_t pos = lseek(ctx->fd, 0, SEEK_CUR); if ((off_t) pos == (off_t) -1) return pos; const int total = (ctx->partition->size - pos) / ctx->partition->erase_size; if (blocks < 0) blocks = total; if (blocks > total) { errno = ENOSPC; return -1; } // Erase the specified number of blocks while (blocks-- > 0) { loff_t bpos = pos; if (ioctl(ctx->fd, MEMGETBADBLOCK, &bpos) > 0) { fprintf(stderr, "mtd: not erasing bad block at 0x%08lx\n", pos); pos += ctx->partition->erase_size; continue; // Don't try to erase known factory-bad blocks. } struct erase_info_user erase_info; erase_info.start = pos; erase_info.length = ctx->partition->erase_size; if (ioctl(ctx->fd, MEMERASE, &erase_info) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "mtd: erase failure at 0x%08lx\n", pos); } pos += ctx->partition->erase_size; } return pos; } int mtd_write_close(MtdWriteContext *ctx) { int r = 0; // Make sure any pending data gets written if (mtd_erase_blocks(ctx, 0) == (off_t) -1) r = -1; if (close(ctx->fd)) r = -1; free(ctx->bad_block_offsets); free(ctx->buffer); free(ctx); return r; } /* Return the offset of the first good block at or after pos (which * might be pos itself). */ off_t mtd_find_write_start(MtdWriteContext *ctx, off_t pos) { int i; for (i = 0; i < ctx->bad_block_count; ++i) { if (ctx->bad_block_offsets[i] == pos) { pos += ctx->partition->erase_size; } else if (ctx->bad_block_offsets[i] > pos) { return pos; } } return pos; }