// Copyright (c) 2009 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved. // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be // found in the LICENSE file. // This file implements BSD-style setproctitle() for Linux. // It is written such that it can easily be compiled outside Chromium. // // The Linux kernel sets up two locations in memory to pass arguments and // environment variables to processes. First, there are two char* arrays stored // one after another: argv and environ. A pointer to argv is passed to main(), // while glibc sets the global variable |environ| to point at the latter. Both // of these arrays are terminated by a NULL pointer; the environment array is // also followed by some empty space to allow additional variables to be added. // // These arrays contain pointers to a second location in memory, where the // strings themselves are stored one after another: first all the arguments, // then the environment variables. The kernel will allocate a single page of // memory for this purpose, so the end of the page containing argv[0] is the // end of the storage potentially available to store the process title. // // When the kernel reads the command line arguments for a process, it looks at // the range of memory within this page that it initially used for the argument // list. If the terminating '\0' character is still where it expects, nothing // further is done. If it has been overwritten, the kernel will scan up to the // size of a page looking for another. (Note, however, that in general not that // much space is actually mapped, since argv[0] is rarely page-aligned and only // one page is mapped.) // // Thus to change the process title, we must move any environment variables out // of the way to make room for a potentially longer title, and then overwrite // the memory pointed to by argv[0] with a single replacement string, making // sure its size does not exceed the available space. // // It is perhaps worth noting that patches to add a system call to Linux for // this, like in BSD, have never made it in: this is the "official" way to do // this on Linux. Presumably it is not in glibc due to some disagreement over // this position within the glibc project, leaving applications caught in the // middle. (Also, only a very few applications need or want this anyway.) #include "base/setproctitle_linux.h" #include <stdarg.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> extern char** environ; static char** g_main_argv = NULL; static char* g_orig_argv0 = NULL; void setproctitle(const char* fmt, ...) { va_list ap; size_t i, avail_size; uintptr_t page_size, page, page_end; // Sanity check before we try and set the process title. // The BSD version allows fmt == NULL to restore the original title. if (!g_main_argv || !environ || !fmt) return; if (!g_orig_argv0) { // Save the original argv[0]. g_orig_argv0 = strdup(g_main_argv[0]); if (!g_orig_argv0) return; } page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE); // Get the page on which the argument list and environment live. page = (uintptr_t) g_main_argv[0]; page -= page % page_size; page_end = page + page_size; // Move the environment out of the way. Note that we are moving the values, // not the environment array itself (which may not be on the page we need // to overwrite anyway). for (i = 0; environ[i]; ++i) { uintptr_t env_i = (uintptr_t) environ[i]; // Only move the value if it's actually in the way. This avoids // leaking copies of the values if this function is called again. if (page <= env_i && env_i < page_end) { char* copy = strdup(environ[i]); // Be paranoid. Check for allocation failure and bail out. if (!copy) return; environ[i] = copy; } } // Put the title in argv[0]. We have to zero out the space first since the // kernel doesn't actually look for a null terminator unless we make the // argument list longer than it started. avail_size = page_end - (uintptr_t) g_main_argv[0]; memset(g_main_argv[0], 0, avail_size); va_start(ap, fmt); if (fmt[0] == '-') { vsnprintf(g_main_argv[0], avail_size, &fmt[1], ap); } else { size_t size = snprintf(g_main_argv[0], avail_size, "%s ", g_orig_argv0); if (size < avail_size) vsnprintf(g_main_argv[0] + size, avail_size - size, fmt, ap); } va_end(ap); g_main_argv[1] = NULL; } // A version of this built into glibc would not need this function, since // it could stash the argv pointer in __libc_start_main(). But we need it. void setproctitle_init(char** main_argv) { if (g_main_argv) return; uintptr_t page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE); // Check that the argv array is in fact on the same page of memory // as the environment array just as an added measure of protection. if (((uintptr_t) environ) / page_size == ((uintptr_t) main_argv) / page_size) g_main_argv = main_argv; }