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Throwables (Guava Libraries 2010.01.04)
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SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | <A HREF="#method_summary">METHOD</A></FONT></TD>
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com.google.common.base</FONT>
<BR>
Class Throwables</H2>
<PRE>
<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">java.lang.Object</A>
<IMG SRC="../../../../resources/inherit.gif" ALT="extended by "><B>com.google.common.base.Throwables</B>
</PRE>
<HR>
<DL>
<DT><PRE>public final class <B>Throwables</B><DT>extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</A></DL>
</PRE>
<P>
Static utility methods pertaining to instances of <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>Throwable</CODE></A>.
<P>
<P>
<DL>
<DT><B>Since:</B></DT>
<DD>2009.09.15 <b>tentative</b></DD>
<DT><B>Author:</B></DT>
<DD>Kevin Bourrillion, Ben Yu</DD>
</DL>
<HR>
<P>
<!-- ========== METHOD SUMMARY =========== -->
<A NAME="method_summary"><!-- --></A>
<TABLE BORDER="1" WIDTH="100%" CELLPADDING="3" CELLSPACING="0" SUMMARY="">
<TR BGCOLOR="#CCCCFF" CLASS="TableHeadingColor">
<TH ALIGN="left" COLSPAN="2"><FONT SIZE="+2">
<B>Method Summary</B></FONT></TH>
</TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="white" CLASS="TableRowColor">
<TD ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" WIDTH="1%"><FONT SIZE="-1">
<CODE>static <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/List.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.util">List</A><<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A>></CODE></FONT></TD>
<TD><CODE><B><A HREF="../../../../com/google/common/base/Throwables.html#getCausalChain(java.lang.Throwable)">getCausalChain</A></B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable)</CODE>
<BR>
Gets a <code>Throwable</code> cause chain as a list.</TD>
</TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="white" CLASS="TableRowColor">
<TD ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" WIDTH="1%"><FONT SIZE="-1">
<CODE>static <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A></CODE></FONT></TD>
<TD><CODE><B><A HREF="../../../../com/google/common/base/Throwables.html#getRootCause(java.lang.Throwable)">getRootCause</A></B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable)</CODE>
<BR>
Returns the innermost cause of <code>throwable</code>.</TD>
</TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="white" CLASS="TableRowColor">
<TD ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" WIDTH="1%"><FONT SIZE="-1">
<CODE>static <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">String</A></CODE></FONT></TD>
<TD><CODE><B><A HREF="../../../../com/google/common/base/Throwables.html#getStackTraceAsString(java.lang.Throwable)">getStackTraceAsString</A></B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable)</CODE>
<BR>
Returns a string containing the result of
<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true#toString()" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>toString()</CODE></A>, followed by the full, recursive
stack trace of <code>throwable</code>.</TD>
</TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="white" CLASS="TableRowColor">
<TD ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" WIDTH="1%"><FONT SIZE="-1">
<CODE>static <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/RuntimeException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">RuntimeException</A></CODE></FONT></TD>
<TD><CODE><B><A HREF="../../../../com/google/common/base/Throwables.html#propagate(java.lang.Throwable)">propagate</A></B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable)</CODE>
<BR>
Propagates <code>throwable</code> as-is if it is an instance of
<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/RuntimeException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>RuntimeException</CODE></A> or <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Error.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>Error</CODE></A>, or else as a last resort, wraps
it in a <code>RuntimeException</code> then propagates.</TD>
</TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="white" CLASS="TableRowColor">
<TD ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" WIDTH="1%"><FONT SIZE="-1">
<CODE>static
<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" SUMMARY="">
<TR ALIGN="right" VALIGN="">
<TD NOWRAP><FONT SIZE="-1">
<CODE><X extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A>>
<BR>
void</CODE></FONT></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</CODE></FONT></TD>
<TD><CODE><B><A HREF="../../../../com/google/common/base/Throwables.html#propagateIfInstanceOf(java.lang.Throwable, java.lang.Class)">propagateIfInstanceOf</A></B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable,
<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Class</A><X> declaredType)</CODE>
<BR>
Propagates <code>throwable</code> exactly as-is, if and only if it is an
instance of <code>declaredType</code>.</TD>
</TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="white" CLASS="TableRowColor">
<TD ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" WIDTH="1%"><FONT SIZE="-1">
<CODE>static void</CODE></FONT></TD>
<TD><CODE><B><A HREF="../../../../com/google/common/base/Throwables.html#propagateIfPossible(java.lang.Throwable)">propagateIfPossible</A></B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable)</CODE>
<BR>
Propagates <code>throwable</code> exactly as-is, if and only if it is an
instance of <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/RuntimeException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>RuntimeException</CODE></A> or <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Error.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>Error</CODE></A>.</TD>
</TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="white" CLASS="TableRowColor">
<TD ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" WIDTH="1%"><FONT SIZE="-1">
<CODE>static
<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" SUMMARY="">
<TR ALIGN="right" VALIGN="">
<TD NOWRAP><FONT SIZE="-1">
<CODE><X extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A>>
<BR>
void</CODE></FONT></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</CODE></FONT></TD>
<TD><CODE><B><A HREF="../../../../com/google/common/base/Throwables.html#propagateIfPossible(java.lang.Throwable, java.lang.Class)">propagateIfPossible</A></B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable,
<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Class</A><X> declaredType)</CODE>
<BR>
Propagates <code>throwable</code> exactly as-is, if and only if it is an
instance of <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/RuntimeException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>RuntimeException</CODE></A>, <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Error.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>Error</CODE></A>, or
<code>declaredType</code>.</TD>
</TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="white" CLASS="TableRowColor">
<TD ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" WIDTH="1%"><FONT SIZE="-1">
<CODE>static
<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" SUMMARY="">
<TR ALIGN="right" VALIGN="">
<TD NOWRAP><FONT SIZE="-1">
<CODE><X1 extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A>,X2 extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A>>
<BR>
void</CODE></FONT></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</CODE></FONT></TD>
<TD><CODE><B><A HREF="../../../../com/google/common/base/Throwables.html#propagateIfPossible(java.lang.Throwable, java.lang.Class, java.lang.Class)">propagateIfPossible</A></B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable,
<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Class</A><X1> aDeclaredType,
<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Class</A><X2> anotherDeclaredType)</CODE>
<BR>
Propagates <code>throwable</code> exactly as-is, if and only if it is an
instance of <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/RuntimeException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>RuntimeException</CODE></A>, <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Error.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>Error</CODE></A>, <code>aDeclaredType</code>,
or <code>anotherDeclaredType</code>.</TD>
</TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="white" CLASS="TableRowColor">
<TD ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" WIDTH="1%"><FONT SIZE="-1">
<CODE>static <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Exception.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Exception</A></CODE></FONT></TD>
<TD><CODE><B><A HREF="../../../../com/google/common/base/Throwables.html#throwCause(java.lang.Exception, boolean)">throwCause</A></B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Exception.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Exception</A> exception,
boolean combineStackTraces)</CODE>
<BR>
Rethrows the cause exception of a given throwable, discarding the original
throwable.</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<A NAME="methods_inherited_from_class_java.lang.Object"><!-- --></A>
<TABLE BORDER="1" WIDTH="100%" CELLPADDING="3" CELLSPACING="0" SUMMARY="">
<TR BGCOLOR="#EEEEFF" CLASS="TableSubHeadingColor">
<TH ALIGN="left"><B>Methods inherited from class java.lang.<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</A></B></TH>
</TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="white" CLASS="TableRowColor">
<TD><CODE><A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#clone()" title="class or interface in java.lang">clone</A>, <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#equals(java.lang.Object)" title="class or interface in java.lang">equals</A>, <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#finalize()" title="class or interface in java.lang">finalize</A>, <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#getClass()" title="class or interface in java.lang">getClass</A>, <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#hashCode()" title="class or interface in java.lang">hashCode</A>, <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#notify()" title="class or interface in java.lang">notify</A>, <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#notifyAll()" title="class or interface in java.lang">notifyAll</A>, <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#toString()" title="class or interface in java.lang">toString</A>, <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#wait()" title="class or interface in java.lang">wait</A>, <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#wait(long)" title="class or interface in java.lang">wait</A>, <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#wait(long, int)" title="class or interface in java.lang">wait</A></CODE></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<P>
<!-- ============ METHOD DETAIL ========== -->
<A NAME="method_detail"><!-- --></A>
<TABLE BORDER="1" WIDTH="100%" CELLPADDING="3" CELLSPACING="0" SUMMARY="">
<TR BGCOLOR="#CCCCFF" CLASS="TableHeadingColor">
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<B>Method Detail</B></FONT></TH>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<A NAME="propagateIfInstanceOf(java.lang.Throwable, java.lang.Class)"><!-- --></A><H3>
propagateIfInstanceOf</H3>
<PRE>
public static <X extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A>> void <B>propagateIfInstanceOf</B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable,
<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Class</A><X> declaredType)
throws X extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A></PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Propagates <code>throwable</code> exactly as-is, if and only if it is an
instance of <code>declaredType</code>. Example usage:
<pre>
try {
someMethodThatCouldThrowAnything();
} catch (IKnowWhatToDoWithThisException e) {
handle(e);
} catch (Throwable t) {
Throwables.propagateIfInstanceOf(t, IOException.class);
Throwables.propagateIfInstanceOf(t, SQLException.class);
throw Throwables.propagate(t);
}
</pre>
<P>
<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Throws:</B>
<DD><CODE>X extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A></CODE></DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>
<A NAME="propagateIfPossible(java.lang.Throwable)"><!-- --></A><H3>
propagateIfPossible</H3>
<PRE>
public static void <B>propagateIfPossible</B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Propagates <code>throwable</code> exactly as-is, if and only if it is an
instance of <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/RuntimeException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>RuntimeException</CODE></A> or <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Error.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>Error</CODE></A>. Example usage:
<pre>
try {
someMethodThatCouldThrowAnything();
} catch (IKnowWhatToDoWithThisException e) {
handle(e);
} catch (Throwable t) {
Throwables.propagateIfPossible(t);
throw new RuntimeException("unexpected", t);
}
</pre>
<P>
<DD><DL>
</DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>
<A NAME="propagateIfPossible(java.lang.Throwable, java.lang.Class)"><!-- --></A><H3>
propagateIfPossible</H3>
<PRE>
public static <X extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A>> void <B>propagateIfPossible</B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable,
<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Class</A><X> declaredType)
throws X extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A></PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Propagates <code>throwable</code> exactly as-is, if and only if it is an
instance of <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/RuntimeException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>RuntimeException</CODE></A>, <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Error.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>Error</CODE></A>, or
<code>declaredType</code>. Example usage:
<pre>
try {
someMethodThatCouldThrowAnything();
} catch (IKnowWhatToDoWithThisException e) {
handle(e);
} catch (Throwable t) {
Throwables.propagateIfPossible(t, OtherException.class);
throw new RuntimeException("unexpected", t);
}
</pre>
<P>
<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>throwable</CODE> - the Throwable to possibly propagate<DD><CODE>declaredType</CODE> - the single checked exception type declared by the
calling method
<DT><B>Throws:</B>
<DD><CODE>X extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A></CODE></DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>
<A NAME="propagateIfPossible(java.lang.Throwable, java.lang.Class, java.lang.Class)"><!-- --></A><H3>
propagateIfPossible</H3>
<PRE>
public static <X1 extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A>,X2 extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A>> void <B>propagateIfPossible</B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable,
<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Class</A><X1> aDeclaredType,
<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Class</A><X2> anotherDeclaredType)
throws X1 extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A>,
X2 extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A></PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Propagates <code>throwable</code> exactly as-is, if and only if it is an
instance of <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/RuntimeException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>RuntimeException</CODE></A>, <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Error.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>Error</CODE></A>, <code>aDeclaredType</code>,
or <code>anotherDeclaredType</code>. In the unlikely case that you have three
or more declared checked exception types, you can handle them all by
invoking these methods repeatedly. See usage example in
<A HREF="../../../../com/google/common/base/Throwables.html#propagateIfPossible(java.lang.Throwable, java.lang.Class)"><CODE>propagateIfPossible(Throwable, Class)</CODE></A>.
<P>
<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>throwable</CODE> - the Throwable to possibly propagate<DD><CODE>aDeclaredType</CODE> - any checked exception type declared by the calling
method<DD><CODE>anotherDeclaredType</CODE> - any other checked exception type declared by the
calling method
<DT><B>Throws:</B>
<DD><CODE>X1 extends <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A></CODE></DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>
<A NAME="propagate(java.lang.Throwable)"><!-- --></A><H3>
propagate</H3>
<PRE>
public static <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/RuntimeException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">RuntimeException</A> <B>propagate</B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Propagates <code>throwable</code> as-is if it is an instance of
<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/RuntimeException.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>RuntimeException</CODE></A> or <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Error.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>Error</CODE></A>, or else as a last resort, wraps
it in a <code>RuntimeException</code> then propagates.
<p>
This method always throws an exception. The <code>RuntimeException</code> return
type is only for client code to make Java type system happy in case a
return value is required by the enclosing method. Example usage:
<pre>
T doSomething() {
try {
return someMethodThatCouldThrowAnything();
} catch (IKnowWhatToDoWithThisException e) {
return handle(e);
} catch (Throwable t) {
throw Throwables.propagate(t);
}
}
</pre>
<P>
<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>throwable</CODE> - the Throwable to propagate
<DT><B>Returns:</B><DD>nothing will ever be returned</DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>
<A NAME="getRootCause(java.lang.Throwable)"><!-- --></A><H3>
getRootCause</H3>
<PRE>
public static <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> <B>getRootCause</B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Returns the innermost cause of <code>throwable</code>. The first throwable in a
chain provides context from when the error or exception was initially
detected. Example usage:
<pre>
assertEquals("Unable to assign a customer id",
Throwables.getRootCause(e).getMessage());
</pre>
<P>
<DD><DL>
</DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>
<A NAME="getCausalChain(java.lang.Throwable)"><!-- --></A><H3>
getCausalChain</H3>
<PRE>
public static <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/List.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.util">List</A><<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A>> <B>getCausalChain</B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Gets a <code>Throwable</code> cause chain as a list. The first entry in the
list will be <code>throwable</code> followed by its cause hierarchy. Note
that this is a snapshot of the cause chain and will not reflect
any subsequent changes to the cause chain.
<p>Here's an example of how it can be used to find specific types
of exceptions in the cause chain:
<pre>
Iterables.filter(Throwables.getCausalChain(e), IOException.class));
</pre>
<P>
<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>throwable</CODE> - the non-null <code>Throwable</code> to extract causes from
<DT><B>Returns:</B><DD>an unmodifiable list containing the cause chain starting with
<code>throwable</code></DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>
<A NAME="getStackTraceAsString(java.lang.Throwable)"><!-- --></A><H3>
getStackTraceAsString</H3>
<PRE>
public static <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">String</A> <B>getStackTraceAsString</B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Throwable</A> throwable)</PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Returns a string containing the result of
<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true#toString()" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>toString()</CODE></A>, followed by the full, recursive
stack trace of <code>throwable</code>. Note that you probably should not be
parsing the resulting string; if you need programmatic access to the stack
frames, you can call <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Throwable.html?is-external=true#getStackTrace()" title="class or interface in java.lang"><CODE>Throwable.getStackTrace()</CODE></A>.
<P>
<DD><DL>
</DL>
</DD>
</DL>
<HR>
<A NAME="throwCause(java.lang.Exception, boolean)"><!-- --></A><H3>
throwCause</H3>
<PRE>
public static <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Exception.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Exception</A> <B>throwCause</B>(<A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Exception.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Exception</A> exception,
boolean combineStackTraces)
throws <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Exception.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Exception</A></PRE>
<DL>
<DD>Rethrows the cause exception of a given throwable, discarding the original
throwable. Optionally, the stack frames of the cause and the outer
exception are combined and the stack trace of the cause is set to this
combined trace. If there is no cause the original exception is rethrown
unchanged in all cases.
<P>
<DD><DL>
<DT><B>Parameters:</B><DD><CODE>exception</CODE> - the exception from which to extract the cause<DD><CODE>combineStackTraces</CODE> - if true the stack trace of the cause will be
replaced by the concatenation of the trace from the exception and the
trace from the cause.
<DT><B>Throws:</B>
<DD><CODE><A HREF="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/lang/Exception.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Exception</A></CODE></DL>
</DD>
</DL>
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