/* * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ #include "KeyStorage.h" #include "Keymaster.h" #include "ScryptParameters.h" #include "Utils.h" #include <vector> #include <errno.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <openssl/sha.h> #include <android-base/file.h> #include <android-base/logging.h> #include <cutils/properties.h> #include <hardware/hw_auth_token.h> #include <keymaster/authorization_set.h> extern "C" { #include "crypto_scrypt.h" } namespace android { namespace vold { const KeyAuthentication kEmptyAuthentication{"", ""}; static constexpr size_t AES_KEY_BYTES = 32; static constexpr size_t GCM_NONCE_BYTES = 12; static constexpr size_t GCM_MAC_BYTES = 16; static constexpr size_t SALT_BYTES = 1 << 4; static constexpr size_t SECDISCARDABLE_BYTES = 1 << 14; static constexpr size_t STRETCHED_BYTES = 1 << 6; static constexpr uint32_t AUTH_TIMEOUT = 30; // Seconds static const char* kCurrentVersion = "1"; static const char* kRmPath = "/system/bin/rm"; static const char* kSecdiscardPath = "/system/bin/secdiscard"; static const char* kStretch_none = "none"; static const char* kStretch_nopassword = "nopassword"; static const std::string kStretchPrefix_scrypt = "scrypt "; static const char* kFn_encrypted_key = "encrypted_key"; static const char* kFn_keymaster_key_blob = "keymaster_key_blob"; static const char* kFn_salt = "salt"; static const char* kFn_secdiscardable = "secdiscardable"; static const char* kFn_stretching = "stretching"; static const char* kFn_version = "version"; static bool checkSize(const std::string& kind, size_t actual, size_t expected) { if (actual != expected) { LOG(ERROR) << "Wrong number of bytes in " << kind << ", expected " << expected << " got " << actual; return false; } return true; } static std::string hashSecdiscardable(const std::string& secdiscardable) { SHA512_CTX c; SHA512_Init(&c); // Personalise the hashing by introducing a fixed prefix. // Hashing applications should use personalization except when there is a // specific reason not to; see section 4.11 of https://www.schneier.com/skein1.3.pdf std::string secdiscardableHashingPrefix = "Android secdiscardable SHA512"; secdiscardableHashingPrefix.resize(SHA512_CBLOCK); SHA512_Update(&c, secdiscardableHashingPrefix.data(), secdiscardableHashingPrefix.size()); SHA512_Update(&c, secdiscardable.data(), secdiscardable.size()); std::string res(SHA512_DIGEST_LENGTH, '\0'); SHA512_Final(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(&res[0]), &c); return res; } static bool generateKeymasterKey(Keymaster& keymaster, const KeyAuthentication& auth, const std::string& appId, std::string* key) { auto paramBuilder = keymaster::AuthorizationSetBuilder() .AesEncryptionKey(AES_KEY_BYTES * 8) .Authorization(keymaster::TAG_BLOCK_MODE, KM_MODE_GCM) .Authorization(keymaster::TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, GCM_MAC_BYTES * 8) .Authorization(keymaster::TAG_PADDING, KM_PAD_NONE); addStringParam(¶mBuilder, keymaster::TAG_APPLICATION_ID, appId); if (auth.token.empty()) { LOG(DEBUG) << "Creating key that doesn't need auth token"; paramBuilder.Authorization(keymaster::TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED); } else { LOG(DEBUG) << "Auth token required for key"; if (auth.token.size() != sizeof(hw_auth_token_t)) { LOG(ERROR) << "Auth token should be " << sizeof(hw_auth_token_t) << " bytes, was " << auth.token.size() << " bytes"; return false; } const hw_auth_token_t* at = reinterpret_cast<const hw_auth_token_t*>(auth.token.data()); paramBuilder.Authorization(keymaster::TAG_USER_SECURE_ID, at->user_id); paramBuilder.Authorization(keymaster::TAG_USER_AUTH_TYPE, HW_AUTH_PASSWORD); paramBuilder.Authorization(keymaster::TAG_AUTH_TIMEOUT, AUTH_TIMEOUT); } return keymaster.generateKey(paramBuilder.build(), key); } static keymaster::AuthorizationSetBuilder beginParams(const KeyAuthentication& auth, const std::string& appId) { auto paramBuilder = keymaster::AuthorizationSetBuilder() .Authorization(keymaster::TAG_BLOCK_MODE, KM_MODE_GCM) .Authorization(keymaster::TAG_MAC_LENGTH, GCM_MAC_BYTES * 8) .Authorization(keymaster::TAG_PADDING, KM_PAD_NONE); addStringParam(¶mBuilder, keymaster::TAG_APPLICATION_ID, appId); if (!auth.token.empty()) { LOG(DEBUG) << "Supplying auth token to Keymaster"; addStringParam(¶mBuilder, keymaster::TAG_AUTH_TOKEN, auth.token); } return paramBuilder; } static bool encryptWithKeymasterKey(Keymaster& keymaster, const std::string& key, const KeyAuthentication& auth, const std::string& appId, const std::string& message, std::string* ciphertext) { auto params = beginParams(auth, appId).build(); keymaster::AuthorizationSet outParams; auto opHandle = keymaster.begin(KM_PURPOSE_ENCRYPT, key, params, &outParams); if (!opHandle) return false; keymaster_blob_t nonceBlob; if (!outParams.GetTagValue(keymaster::TAG_NONCE, &nonceBlob)) { LOG(ERROR) << "GCM encryption but no nonce generated"; return false; } // nonceBlob here is just a pointer into existing data, must not be freed std::string nonce(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(nonceBlob.data), nonceBlob.data_length); if (!checkSize("nonce", nonce.size(), GCM_NONCE_BYTES)) return false; std::string body; if (!opHandle.updateCompletely(message, &body)) return false; std::string mac; if (!opHandle.finishWithOutput(&mac)) return false; if (!checkSize("mac", mac.size(), GCM_MAC_BYTES)) return false; *ciphertext = nonce + body + mac; return true; } static bool decryptWithKeymasterKey(Keymaster& keymaster, const std::string& key, const KeyAuthentication& auth, const std::string& appId, const std::string& ciphertext, std::string* message) { auto nonce = ciphertext.substr(0, GCM_NONCE_BYTES); auto bodyAndMac = ciphertext.substr(GCM_NONCE_BYTES); auto params = addStringParam(beginParams(auth, appId), keymaster::TAG_NONCE, nonce).build(); auto opHandle = keymaster.begin(KM_PURPOSE_DECRYPT, key, params); if (!opHandle) return false; if (!opHandle.updateCompletely(bodyAndMac, message)) return false; if (!opHandle.finish()) return false; return true; } static bool readFileToString(const std::string& filename, std::string* result) { if (!android::base::ReadFileToString(filename, result)) { PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to read from " << filename; return false; } return true; } static bool writeStringToFile(const std::string& payload, const std::string& filename) { if (!android::base::WriteStringToFile(payload, filename)) { PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to write to " << filename; return false; } return true; } static std::string getStretching() { char paramstr[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX]; property_get(SCRYPT_PROP, paramstr, SCRYPT_DEFAULTS); return std::string() + kStretchPrefix_scrypt + paramstr; } static bool stretchingNeedsSalt(const std::string& stretching) { return stretching != kStretch_nopassword && stretching != kStretch_none; } static bool stretchSecret(const std::string& stretching, const std::string& secret, const std::string& salt, std::string* stretched) { if (stretching == kStretch_nopassword) { if (!secret.empty()) { LOG(WARNING) << "Password present but stretching is nopassword"; // Continue anyway } stretched->clear(); } else if (stretching == kStretch_none) { *stretched = secret; } else if (std::equal(kStretchPrefix_scrypt.begin(), kStretchPrefix_scrypt.end(), stretching.begin())) { int Nf, rf, pf; if (!parse_scrypt_parameters(stretching.substr(kStretchPrefix_scrypt.size()).c_str(), &Nf, &rf, &pf)) { LOG(ERROR) << "Unable to parse scrypt params in stretching: " << stretching; return false; } stretched->assign(STRETCHED_BYTES, '\0'); if (crypto_scrypt(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(secret.data()), secret.size(), reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(salt.data()), salt.size(), 1 << Nf, 1 << rf, 1 << pf, reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(&(*stretched)[0]), stretched->size()) != 0) { LOG(ERROR) << "scrypt failed with params: " << stretching; return false; } } else { LOG(ERROR) << "Unknown stretching type: " << stretching; return false; } return true; } static bool generateAppId(const KeyAuthentication& auth, const std::string& stretching, const std::string& salt, const std::string& secdiscardable, std::string* appId) { std::string stretched; if (!stretchSecret(stretching, auth.secret, salt, &stretched)) return false; *appId = hashSecdiscardable(secdiscardable) + stretched; return true; } bool storeKey(const std::string& dir, const KeyAuthentication& auth, const std::string& key) { if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(mkdir(dir.c_str(), 0700)) == -1) { PLOG(ERROR) << "key mkdir " << dir; return false; } if (!writeStringToFile(kCurrentVersion, dir + "/" + kFn_version)) return false; std::string secdiscardable; if (ReadRandomBytes(SECDISCARDABLE_BYTES, secdiscardable) != OK) { // TODO status_t plays badly with PLOG, fix it. LOG(ERROR) << "Random read failed"; return false; } if (!writeStringToFile(secdiscardable, dir + "/" + kFn_secdiscardable)) return false; std::string stretching = auth.secret.empty() ? kStretch_nopassword : getStretching(); if (!writeStringToFile(stretching, dir + "/" + kFn_stretching)) return false; std::string salt; if (stretchingNeedsSalt(stretching)) { if (ReadRandomBytes(SALT_BYTES, salt) != OK) { LOG(ERROR) << "Random read failed"; return false; } if (!writeStringToFile(salt, dir + "/" + kFn_salt)) return false; } std::string appId; if (!generateAppId(auth, stretching, salt, secdiscardable, &appId)) return false; Keymaster keymaster; if (!keymaster) return false; std::string kmKey; if (!generateKeymasterKey(keymaster, auth, appId, &kmKey)) return false; if (!writeStringToFile(kmKey, dir + "/" + kFn_keymaster_key_blob)) return false; std::string encryptedKey; if (!encryptWithKeymasterKey(keymaster, kmKey, auth, appId, key, &encryptedKey)) return false; if (!writeStringToFile(encryptedKey, dir + "/" + kFn_encrypted_key)) return false; return true; } bool retrieveKey(const std::string& dir, const KeyAuthentication& auth, std::string* key) { std::string version; if (!readFileToString(dir + "/" + kFn_version, &version)) return false; if (version != kCurrentVersion) { LOG(ERROR) << "Version mismatch, expected " << kCurrentVersion << " got " << version; return false; } std::string secdiscardable; if (!readFileToString(dir + "/" + kFn_secdiscardable, &secdiscardable)) return false; std::string stretching; if (!readFileToString(dir + "/" + kFn_stretching, &stretching)) return false; std::string salt; if (stretchingNeedsSalt(stretching)) { if (!readFileToString(dir + "/" + kFn_salt, &salt)) return false; } std::string appId; if (!generateAppId(auth, stretching, salt, secdiscardable, &appId)) return false; std::string kmKey; if (!readFileToString(dir + "/" + kFn_keymaster_key_blob, &kmKey)) return false; std::string encryptedMessage; if (!readFileToString(dir + "/" + kFn_encrypted_key, &encryptedMessage)) return false; Keymaster keymaster; if (!keymaster) return false; return decryptWithKeymasterKey(keymaster, kmKey, auth, appId, encryptedMessage, key); } static bool deleteKey(const std::string& dir) { std::string kmKey; if (!readFileToString(dir + "/" + kFn_keymaster_key_blob, &kmKey)) return false; Keymaster keymaster; if (!keymaster) return false; if (!keymaster.deleteKey(kmKey)) return false; return true; } static bool runSecdiscard(const std::string& dir) { if (ForkExecvp( std::vector<std::string>{kSecdiscardPath, "--", dir + "/" + kFn_encrypted_key, dir + "/" + kFn_keymaster_key_blob, dir + "/" + kFn_secdiscardable, }) != 0) { LOG(ERROR) << "secdiscard failed"; return false; } return true; } static bool recursiveDeleteKey(const std::string& dir) { if (ForkExecvp(std::vector<std::string>{kRmPath, "-rf", dir}) != 0) { LOG(ERROR) << "recursive delete failed"; return false; } return true; } bool destroyKey(const std::string& dir) { bool success = true; // Try each thing, even if previous things failed. success &= deleteKey(dir); success &= runSecdiscard(dir); success &= recursiveDeleteKey(dir); return success; } } // namespace vold } // namespace android