#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Unit tests for the multiprocessing package
#
import unittest
import Queue
import time
import sys
import os
import gc
import signal
import array
import socket
import random
import logging
import errno
import test.script_helper
from test import test_support
from StringIO import StringIO
_multiprocessing = test_support.import_module('_multiprocessing')
# import threading after _multiprocessing to raise a more relevant error
# message: "No module named _multiprocessing". _multiprocessing is not compiled
# without thread support.
import threading
# Work around broken sem_open implementations
test_support.import_module('multiprocessing.synchronize')
import multiprocessing.dummy
import multiprocessing.connection
import multiprocessing.managers
import multiprocessing.heap
import multiprocessing.pool
from multiprocessing import util
try:
from multiprocessing import reduction
HAS_REDUCTION = True
except ImportError:
HAS_REDUCTION = False
try:
from multiprocessing.sharedctypes import Value, copy
HAS_SHAREDCTYPES = True
except ImportError:
HAS_SHAREDCTYPES = False
try:
import msvcrt
except ImportError:
msvcrt = None
#
#
#
latin = str
#
# Constants
#
LOG_LEVEL = util.SUBWARNING
#LOG_LEVEL = logging.DEBUG
DELTA = 0.1
CHECK_TIMINGS = False # making true makes tests take a lot longer
# and can sometimes cause some non-serious
# failures because some calls block a bit
# longer than expected
if CHECK_TIMINGS:
TIMEOUT1, TIMEOUT2, TIMEOUT3 = 0.82, 0.35, 1.4
else:
TIMEOUT1, TIMEOUT2, TIMEOUT3 = 0.1, 0.1, 0.1
HAVE_GETVALUE = not getattr(_multiprocessing,
'HAVE_BROKEN_SEM_GETVALUE', False)
WIN32 = (sys.platform == "win32")
try:
MAXFD = os.sysconf("SC_OPEN_MAX")
except:
MAXFD = 256
#
# Some tests require ctypes
#
try:
from ctypes import Structure, c_int, c_double
except ImportError:
Structure = object
c_int = c_double = None
def check_enough_semaphores():
"""Check that the system supports enough semaphores to run the test."""
# minimum number of semaphores available according to POSIX
nsems_min = 256
try:
nsems = os.sysconf("SC_SEM_NSEMS_MAX")
except (AttributeError, ValueError):
# sysconf not available or setting not available
return
if nsems == -1 or nsems >= nsems_min:
return
raise unittest.SkipTest("The OS doesn't support enough semaphores "
"to run the test (required: %d)." % nsems_min)
#
# Creates a wrapper for a function which records the time it takes to finish
#
class TimingWrapper(object):
def __init__(self, func):
self.func = func
self.elapsed = None
def __call__(self, *args, **kwds):
t = time.time()
try:
return self.func(*args, **kwds)
finally:
self.elapsed = time.time() - t
#
# Base class for test cases
#
class BaseTestCase(object):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes', 'manager', 'threads')
def assertTimingAlmostEqual(self, a, b):
if CHECK_TIMINGS:
self.assertAlmostEqual(a, b, 1)
def assertReturnsIfImplemented(self, value, func, *args):
try:
res = func(*args)
except NotImplementedError:
pass
else:
return self.assertEqual(value, res)
# For the sanity of Windows users, rather than crashing or freezing in
# multiple ways.
def __reduce__(self, *args):
raise NotImplementedError("shouldn't try to pickle a test case")
__reduce_ex__ = __reduce__
#
# Return the value of a semaphore
#
def get_value(self):
try:
return self.get_value()
except AttributeError:
try:
return self._Semaphore__value
except AttributeError:
try:
return self._value
except AttributeError:
raise NotImplementedError
#
# Testcases
#
class _TestProcess(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes', 'threads')
def test_current(self):
if self.TYPE == 'threads':
return
current = self.current_process()
authkey = current.authkey
self.assertTrue(current.is_alive())
self.assertTrue(not current.daemon)
self.assertIsInstance(authkey, bytes)
self.assertTrue(len(authkey) > 0)
self.assertEqual(current.ident, os.getpid())
self.assertEqual(current.exitcode, None)
@classmethod
def _test(cls, q, *args, **kwds):
current = cls.current_process()
q.put(args)
q.put(kwds)
q.put(current.name)
if cls.TYPE != 'threads':
q.put(bytes(current.authkey))
q.put(current.pid)
def test_process(self):
q = self.Queue(1)
e = self.Event()
args = (q, 1, 2)
kwargs = {'hello':23, 'bye':2.54}
name = 'SomeProcess'
p = self.Process(
target=self._test, args=args, kwargs=kwargs, name=name
)
p.daemon = True
current = self.current_process()
if self.TYPE != 'threads':
self.assertEqual(p.authkey, current.authkey)
self.assertEqual(p.is_alive(), False)
self.assertEqual(p.daemon, True)
self.assertNotIn(p, self.active_children())
self.assertTrue(type(self.active_children()) is list)
self.assertEqual(p.exitcode, None)
p.start()
self.assertEqual(p.exitcode, None)
self.assertEqual(p.is_alive(), True)
self.assertIn(p, self.active_children())
self.assertEqual(q.get(), args[1:])
self.assertEqual(q.get(), kwargs)
self.assertEqual(q.get(), p.name)
if self.TYPE != 'threads':
self.assertEqual(q.get(), current.authkey)
self.assertEqual(q.get(), p.pid)
p.join()
self.assertEqual(p.exitcode, 0)
self.assertEqual(p.is_alive(), False)
self.assertNotIn(p, self.active_children())
@classmethod
def _test_terminate(cls):
time.sleep(1000)
def test_terminate(self):
if self.TYPE == 'threads':
return
p = self.Process(target=self._test_terminate)
p.daemon = True
p.start()
self.assertEqual(p.is_alive(), True)
self.assertIn(p, self.active_children())
self.assertEqual(p.exitcode, None)
p.terminate()
join = TimingWrapper(p.join)
self.assertEqual(join(), None)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(join.elapsed, 0.0)
self.assertEqual(p.is_alive(), False)
self.assertNotIn(p, self.active_children())
p.join()
# XXX sometimes get p.exitcode == 0 on Windows ...
#self.assertEqual(p.exitcode, -signal.SIGTERM)
def test_cpu_count(self):
try:
cpus = multiprocessing.cpu_count()
except NotImplementedError:
cpus = 1
self.assertTrue(type(cpus) is int)
self.assertTrue(cpus >= 1)
def test_active_children(self):
self.assertEqual(type(self.active_children()), list)
p = self.Process(target=time.sleep, args=(DELTA,))
self.assertNotIn(p, self.active_children())
p.daemon = True
p.start()
self.assertIn(p, self.active_children())
p.join()
self.assertNotIn(p, self.active_children())
@classmethod
def _test_recursion(cls, wconn, id):
from multiprocessing import forking
wconn.send(id)
if len(id) < 2:
for i in range(2):
p = cls.Process(
target=cls._test_recursion, args=(wconn, id+[i])
)
p.start()
p.join()
def test_recursion(self):
rconn, wconn = self.Pipe(duplex=False)
self._test_recursion(wconn, [])
time.sleep(DELTA)
result = []
while rconn.poll():
result.append(rconn.recv())
expected = [
[],
[0],
[0, 0],
[0, 1],
[1],
[1, 0],
[1, 1]
]
self.assertEqual(result, expected)
@classmethod
def _test_sys_exit(cls, reason, testfn):
sys.stderr = open(testfn, 'w')
sys.exit(reason)
def test_sys_exit(self):
# See Issue 13854
if self.TYPE == 'threads':
return
testfn = test_support.TESTFN
self.addCleanup(test_support.unlink, testfn)
for reason, code in (([1, 2, 3], 1), ('ignore this', 0)):
p = self.Process(target=self._test_sys_exit, args=(reason, testfn))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
p.join(5)
self.assertEqual(p.exitcode, code)
with open(testfn, 'r') as f:
self.assertEqual(f.read().rstrip(), str(reason))
for reason in (True, False, 8):
p = self.Process(target=sys.exit, args=(reason,))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
p.join(5)
self.assertEqual(p.exitcode, reason)
#
#
#
class _UpperCaser(multiprocessing.Process):
def __init__(self):
multiprocessing.Process.__init__(self)
self.child_conn, self.parent_conn = multiprocessing.Pipe()
def run(self):
self.parent_conn.close()
for s in iter(self.child_conn.recv, None):
self.child_conn.send(s.upper())
self.child_conn.close()
def submit(self, s):
assert type(s) is str
self.parent_conn.send(s)
return self.parent_conn.recv()
def stop(self):
self.parent_conn.send(None)
self.parent_conn.close()
self.child_conn.close()
class _TestSubclassingProcess(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes',)
def test_subclassing(self):
uppercaser = _UpperCaser()
uppercaser.daemon = True
uppercaser.start()
self.assertEqual(uppercaser.submit('hello'), 'HELLO')
self.assertEqual(uppercaser.submit('world'), 'WORLD')
uppercaser.stop()
uppercaser.join()
#
#
#
def queue_empty(q):
if hasattr(q, 'empty'):
return q.empty()
else:
return q.qsize() == 0
def queue_full(q, maxsize):
if hasattr(q, 'full'):
return q.full()
else:
return q.qsize() == maxsize
class _TestQueue(BaseTestCase):
@classmethod
def _test_put(cls, queue, child_can_start, parent_can_continue):
child_can_start.wait()
for i in range(6):
queue.get()
parent_can_continue.set()
def test_put(self):
MAXSIZE = 6
queue = self.Queue(maxsize=MAXSIZE)
child_can_start = self.Event()
parent_can_continue = self.Event()
proc = self.Process(
target=self._test_put,
args=(queue, child_can_start, parent_can_continue)
)
proc.daemon = True
proc.start()
self.assertEqual(queue_empty(queue), True)
self.assertEqual(queue_full(queue, MAXSIZE), False)
queue.put(1)
queue.put(2, True)
queue.put(3, True, None)
queue.put(4, False)
queue.put(5, False, None)
queue.put_nowait(6)
# the values may be in buffer but not yet in pipe so sleep a bit
time.sleep(DELTA)
self.assertEqual(queue_empty(queue), False)
self.assertEqual(queue_full(queue, MAXSIZE), True)
put = TimingWrapper(queue.put)
put_nowait = TimingWrapper(queue.put_nowait)
self.assertRaises(Queue.Full, put, 7, False)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(put.elapsed, 0)
self.assertRaises(Queue.Full, put, 7, False, None)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(put.elapsed, 0)
self.assertRaises(Queue.Full, put_nowait, 7)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(put_nowait.elapsed, 0)
self.assertRaises(Queue.Full, put, 7, True, TIMEOUT1)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(put.elapsed, TIMEOUT1)
self.assertRaises(Queue.Full, put, 7, False, TIMEOUT2)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(put.elapsed, 0)
self.assertRaises(Queue.Full, put, 7, True, timeout=TIMEOUT3)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(put.elapsed, TIMEOUT3)
child_can_start.set()
parent_can_continue.wait()
self.assertEqual(queue_empty(queue), True)
self.assertEqual(queue_full(queue, MAXSIZE), False)
proc.join()
@classmethod
def _test_get(cls, queue, child_can_start, parent_can_continue):
child_can_start.wait()
#queue.put(1)
queue.put(2)
queue.put(3)
queue.put(4)
queue.put(5)
parent_can_continue.set()
def test_get(self):
queue = self.Queue()
child_can_start = self.Event()
parent_can_continue = self.Event()
proc = self.Process(
target=self._test_get,
args=(queue, child_can_start, parent_can_continue)
)
proc.daemon = True
proc.start()
self.assertEqual(queue_empty(queue), True)
child_can_start.set()
parent_can_continue.wait()
time.sleep(DELTA)
self.assertEqual(queue_empty(queue), False)
# Hangs unexpectedly, remove for now
#self.assertEqual(queue.get(), 1)
self.assertEqual(queue.get(True, None), 2)
self.assertEqual(queue.get(True), 3)
self.assertEqual(queue.get(timeout=1), 4)
self.assertEqual(queue.get_nowait(), 5)
self.assertEqual(queue_empty(queue), True)
get = TimingWrapper(queue.get)
get_nowait = TimingWrapper(queue.get_nowait)
self.assertRaises(Queue.Empty, get, False)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(get.elapsed, 0)
self.assertRaises(Queue.Empty, get, False, None)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(get.elapsed, 0)
self.assertRaises(Queue.Empty, get_nowait)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(get_nowait.elapsed, 0)
self.assertRaises(Queue.Empty, get, True, TIMEOUT1)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(get.elapsed, TIMEOUT1)
self.assertRaises(Queue.Empty, get, False, TIMEOUT2)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(get.elapsed, 0)
self.assertRaises(Queue.Empty, get, timeout=TIMEOUT3)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(get.elapsed, TIMEOUT3)
proc.join()
@classmethod
def _test_fork(cls, queue):
for i in range(10, 20):
queue.put(i)
# note that at this point the items may only be buffered, so the
# process cannot shutdown until the feeder thread has finished
# pushing items onto the pipe.
def test_fork(self):
# Old versions of Queue would fail to create a new feeder
# thread for a forked process if the original process had its
# own feeder thread. This test checks that this no longer
# happens.
queue = self.Queue()
# put items on queue so that main process starts a feeder thread
for i in range(10):
queue.put(i)
# wait to make sure thread starts before we fork a new process
time.sleep(DELTA)
# fork process
p = self.Process(target=self._test_fork, args=(queue,))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
# check that all expected items are in the queue
for i in range(20):
self.assertEqual(queue.get(), i)
self.assertRaises(Queue.Empty, queue.get, False)
p.join()
def test_qsize(self):
q = self.Queue()
try:
self.assertEqual(q.qsize(), 0)
except NotImplementedError:
return
q.put(1)
self.assertEqual(q.qsize(), 1)
q.put(5)
self.assertEqual(q.qsize(), 2)
q.get()
self.assertEqual(q.qsize(), 1)
q.get()
self.assertEqual(q.qsize(), 0)
@classmethod
def _test_task_done(cls, q):
for obj in iter(q.get, None):
time.sleep(DELTA)
q.task_done()
def test_task_done(self):
queue = self.JoinableQueue()
if sys.version_info < (2, 5) and not hasattr(queue, 'task_done'):
self.skipTest("requires 'queue.task_done()' method")
workers = [self.Process(target=self._test_task_done, args=(queue,))
for i in xrange(4)]
for p in workers:
p.daemon = True
p.start()
for i in xrange(10):
queue.put(i)
queue.join()
for p in workers:
queue.put(None)
for p in workers:
p.join()
#
#
#
class _TestLock(BaseTestCase):
def test_lock(self):
lock = self.Lock()
self.assertEqual(lock.acquire(), True)
self.assertEqual(lock.acquire(False), False)
self.assertEqual(lock.release(), None)
self.assertRaises((ValueError, threading.ThreadError), lock.release)
def test_rlock(self):
lock = self.RLock()
self.assertEqual(lock.acquire(), True)
self.assertEqual(lock.acquire(), True)
self.assertEqual(lock.acquire(), True)
self.assertEqual(lock.release(), None)
self.assertEqual(lock.release(), None)
self.assertEqual(lock.release(), None)
self.assertRaises((AssertionError, RuntimeError), lock.release)
def test_lock_context(self):
with self.Lock():
pass
class _TestSemaphore(BaseTestCase):
def _test_semaphore(self, sem):
self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(2, get_value, sem)
self.assertEqual(sem.acquire(), True)
self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(1, get_value, sem)
self.assertEqual(sem.acquire(), True)
self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(0, get_value, sem)
self.assertEqual(sem.acquire(False), False)
self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(0, get_value, sem)
self.assertEqual(sem.release(), None)
self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(1, get_value, sem)
self.assertEqual(sem.release(), None)
self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(2, get_value, sem)
def test_semaphore(self):
sem = self.Semaphore(2)
self._test_semaphore(sem)
self.assertEqual(sem.release(), None)
self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(3, get_value, sem)
self.assertEqual(sem.release(), None)
self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(4, get_value, sem)
def test_bounded_semaphore(self):
sem = self.BoundedSemaphore(2)
self._test_semaphore(sem)
# Currently fails on OS/X
#if HAVE_GETVALUE:
# self.assertRaises(ValueError, sem.release)
# self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(2, get_value, sem)
def test_timeout(self):
if self.TYPE != 'processes':
return
sem = self.Semaphore(0)
acquire = TimingWrapper(sem.acquire)
self.assertEqual(acquire(False), False)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(acquire.elapsed, 0.0)
self.assertEqual(acquire(False, None), False)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(acquire.elapsed, 0.0)
self.assertEqual(acquire(False, TIMEOUT1), False)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(acquire.elapsed, 0)
self.assertEqual(acquire(True, TIMEOUT2), False)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(acquire.elapsed, TIMEOUT2)
self.assertEqual(acquire(timeout=TIMEOUT3), False)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(acquire.elapsed, TIMEOUT3)
class _TestCondition(BaseTestCase):
@classmethod
def f(cls, cond, sleeping, woken, timeout=None):
cond.acquire()
sleeping.release()
cond.wait(timeout)
woken.release()
cond.release()
def check_invariant(self, cond):
# this is only supposed to succeed when there are no sleepers
if self.TYPE == 'processes':
try:
sleepers = (cond._sleeping_count.get_value() -
cond._woken_count.get_value())
self.assertEqual(sleepers, 0)
self.assertEqual(cond._wait_semaphore.get_value(), 0)
except NotImplementedError:
pass
def test_notify(self):
cond = self.Condition()
sleeping = self.Semaphore(0)
woken = self.Semaphore(0)
p = self.Process(target=self.f, args=(cond, sleeping, woken))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
p = threading.Thread(target=self.f, args=(cond, sleeping, woken))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
# wait for both children to start sleeping
sleeping.acquire()
sleeping.acquire()
# check no process/thread has woken up
time.sleep(DELTA)
self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(0, get_value, woken)
# wake up one process/thread
cond.acquire()
cond.notify()
cond.release()
# check one process/thread has woken up
time.sleep(DELTA)
self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(1, get_value, woken)
# wake up another
cond.acquire()
cond.notify()
cond.release()
# check other has woken up
time.sleep(DELTA)
self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(2, get_value, woken)
# check state is not mucked up
self.check_invariant(cond)
p.join()
def test_notify_all(self):
cond = self.Condition()
sleeping = self.Semaphore(0)
woken = self.Semaphore(0)
# start some threads/processes which will timeout
for i in range(3):
p = self.Process(target=self.f,
args=(cond, sleeping, woken, TIMEOUT1))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
t = threading.Thread(target=self.f,
args=(cond, sleeping, woken, TIMEOUT1))
t.daemon = True
t.start()
# wait for them all to sleep
for i in xrange(6):
sleeping.acquire()
# check they have all timed out
for i in xrange(6):
woken.acquire()
self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(0, get_value, woken)
# check state is not mucked up
self.check_invariant(cond)
# start some more threads/processes
for i in range(3):
p = self.Process(target=self.f, args=(cond, sleeping, woken))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
t = threading.Thread(target=self.f, args=(cond, sleeping, woken))
t.daemon = True
t.start()
# wait for them to all sleep
for i in xrange(6):
sleeping.acquire()
# check no process/thread has woken up
time.sleep(DELTA)
self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(0, get_value, woken)
# wake them all up
cond.acquire()
cond.notify_all()
cond.release()
# check they have all woken
time.sleep(DELTA)
self.assertReturnsIfImplemented(6, get_value, woken)
# check state is not mucked up
self.check_invariant(cond)
def test_timeout(self):
cond = self.Condition()
wait = TimingWrapper(cond.wait)
cond.acquire()
res = wait(TIMEOUT1)
cond.release()
self.assertEqual(res, None)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(wait.elapsed, TIMEOUT1)
class _TestEvent(BaseTestCase):
@classmethod
def _test_event(cls, event):
time.sleep(TIMEOUT2)
event.set()
def test_event(self):
event = self.Event()
wait = TimingWrapper(event.wait)
# Removed temporarily, due to API shear, this does not
# work with threading._Event objects. is_set == isSet
self.assertEqual(event.is_set(), False)
# Removed, threading.Event.wait() will return the value of the __flag
# instead of None. API Shear with the semaphore backed mp.Event
self.assertEqual(wait(0.0), False)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(wait.elapsed, 0.0)
self.assertEqual(wait(TIMEOUT1), False)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(wait.elapsed, TIMEOUT1)
event.set()
# See note above on the API differences
self.assertEqual(event.is_set(), True)
self.assertEqual(wait(), True)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(wait.elapsed, 0.0)
self.assertEqual(wait(TIMEOUT1), True)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(wait.elapsed, 0.0)
# self.assertEqual(event.is_set(), True)
event.clear()
#self.assertEqual(event.is_set(), False)
p = self.Process(target=self._test_event, args=(event,))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
self.assertEqual(wait(), True)
#
#
#
class _TestValue(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes',)
codes_values = [
('i', 4343, 24234),
('d', 3.625, -4.25),
('h', -232, 234),
('c', latin('x'), latin('y'))
]
def setUp(self):
if not HAS_SHAREDCTYPES:
self.skipTest("requires multiprocessing.sharedctypes")
@classmethod
def _test(cls, values):
for sv, cv in zip(values, cls.codes_values):
sv.value = cv[2]
def test_value(self, raw=False):
if raw:
values = [self.RawValue(code, value)
for code, value, _ in self.codes_values]
else:
values = [self.Value(code, value)
for code, value, _ in self.codes_values]
for sv, cv in zip(values, self.codes_values):
self.assertEqual(sv.value, cv[1])
proc = self.Process(target=self._test, args=(values,))
proc.daemon = True
proc.start()
proc.join()
for sv, cv in zip(values, self.codes_values):
self.assertEqual(sv.value, cv[2])
def test_rawvalue(self):
self.test_value(raw=True)
def test_getobj_getlock(self):
val1 = self.Value('i', 5)
lock1 = val1.get_lock()
obj1 = val1.get_obj()
val2 = self.Value('i', 5, lock=None)
lock2 = val2.get_lock()
obj2 = val2.get_obj()
lock = self.Lock()
val3 = self.Value('i', 5, lock=lock)
lock3 = val3.get_lock()
obj3 = val3.get_obj()
self.assertEqual(lock, lock3)
arr4 = self.Value('i', 5, lock=False)
self.assertFalse(hasattr(arr4, 'get_lock'))
self.assertFalse(hasattr(arr4, 'get_obj'))
self.assertRaises(AttributeError, self.Value, 'i', 5, lock='navalue')
arr5 = self.RawValue('i', 5)
self.assertFalse(hasattr(arr5, 'get_lock'))
self.assertFalse(hasattr(arr5, 'get_obj'))
class _TestArray(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes',)
@classmethod
def f(cls, seq):
for i in range(1, len(seq)):
seq[i] += seq[i-1]
@unittest.skipIf(c_int is None, "requires _ctypes")
def test_array(self, raw=False):
seq = [680, 626, 934, 821, 150, 233, 548, 982, 714, 831]
if raw:
arr = self.RawArray('i', seq)
else:
arr = self.Array('i', seq)
self.assertEqual(len(arr), len(seq))
self.assertEqual(arr[3], seq[3])
self.assertEqual(list(arr[2:7]), list(seq[2:7]))
arr[4:8] = seq[4:8] = array.array('i', [1, 2, 3, 4])
self.assertEqual(list(arr[:]), seq)
self.f(seq)
p = self.Process(target=self.f, args=(arr,))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
p.join()
self.assertEqual(list(arr[:]), seq)
@unittest.skipIf(c_int is None, "requires _ctypes")
def test_array_from_size(self):
size = 10
# Test for zeroing (see issue #11675).
# The repetition below strengthens the test by increasing the chances
# of previously allocated non-zero memory being used for the new array
# on the 2nd and 3rd loops.
for _ in range(3):
arr = self.Array('i', size)
self.assertEqual(len(arr), size)
self.assertEqual(list(arr), [0] * size)
arr[:] = range(10)
self.assertEqual(list(arr), range(10))
del arr
@unittest.skipIf(c_int is None, "requires _ctypes")
def test_rawarray(self):
self.test_array(raw=True)
@unittest.skipIf(c_int is None, "requires _ctypes")
def test_array_accepts_long(self):
arr = self.Array('i', 10L)
self.assertEqual(len(arr), 10)
raw_arr = self.RawArray('i', 10L)
self.assertEqual(len(raw_arr), 10)
@unittest.skipIf(c_int is None, "requires _ctypes")
def test_getobj_getlock_obj(self):
arr1 = self.Array('i', range(10))
lock1 = arr1.get_lock()
obj1 = arr1.get_obj()
arr2 = self.Array('i', range(10), lock=None)
lock2 = arr2.get_lock()
obj2 = arr2.get_obj()
lock = self.Lock()
arr3 = self.Array('i', range(10), lock=lock)
lock3 = arr3.get_lock()
obj3 = arr3.get_obj()
self.assertEqual(lock, lock3)
arr4 = self.Array('i', range(10), lock=False)
self.assertFalse(hasattr(arr4, 'get_lock'))
self.assertFalse(hasattr(arr4, 'get_obj'))
self.assertRaises(AttributeError,
self.Array, 'i', range(10), lock='notalock')
arr5 = self.RawArray('i', range(10))
self.assertFalse(hasattr(arr5, 'get_lock'))
self.assertFalse(hasattr(arr5, 'get_obj'))
#
#
#
class _TestContainers(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('manager',)
def test_list(self):
a = self.list(range(10))
self.assertEqual(a[:], range(10))
b = self.list()
self.assertEqual(b[:], [])
b.extend(range(5))
self.assertEqual(b[:], range(5))
self.assertEqual(b[2], 2)
self.assertEqual(b[2:10], [2,3,4])
b *= 2
self.assertEqual(b[:], [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4])
self.assertEqual(b + [5, 6], [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
self.assertEqual(a[:], range(10))
d = [a, b]
e = self.list(d)
self.assertEqual(
e[:],
[[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4]]
)
f = self.list([a])
a.append('hello')
self.assertEqual(f[:], [[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 'hello']])
def test_dict(self):
d = self.dict()
indices = range(65, 70)
for i in indices:
d[i] = chr(i)
self.assertEqual(d.copy(), dict((i, chr(i)) for i in indices))
self.assertEqual(sorted(d.keys()), indices)
self.assertEqual(sorted(d.values()), [chr(i) for i in indices])
self.assertEqual(sorted(d.items()), [(i, chr(i)) for i in indices])
def test_namespace(self):
n = self.Namespace()
n.name = 'Bob'
n.job = 'Builder'
n._hidden = 'hidden'
self.assertEqual((n.name, n.job), ('Bob', 'Builder'))
del n.job
self.assertEqual(str(n), "Namespace(name='Bob')")
self.assertTrue(hasattr(n, 'name'))
self.assertTrue(not hasattr(n, 'job'))
#
#
#
def sqr(x, wait=0.0):
time.sleep(wait)
return x*x
class _TestPool(BaseTestCase):
def test_apply(self):
papply = self.pool.apply
self.assertEqual(papply(sqr, (5,)), sqr(5))
self.assertEqual(papply(sqr, (), {'x':3}), sqr(x=3))
def test_map(self):
pmap = self.pool.map
self.assertEqual(pmap(sqr, range(10)), map(sqr, range(10)))
self.assertEqual(pmap(sqr, range(100), chunksize=20),
map(sqr, range(100)))
def test_map_chunksize(self):
try:
self.pool.map_async(sqr, [], chunksize=1).get(timeout=TIMEOUT1)
except multiprocessing.TimeoutError:
self.fail("pool.map_async with chunksize stalled on null list")
def test_async(self):
res = self.pool.apply_async(sqr, (7, TIMEOUT1,))
get = TimingWrapper(res.get)
self.assertEqual(get(), 49)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(get.elapsed, TIMEOUT1)
def test_async_timeout(self):
res = self.pool.apply_async(sqr, (6, TIMEOUT2 + 0.2))
get = TimingWrapper(res.get)
self.assertRaises(multiprocessing.TimeoutError, get, timeout=TIMEOUT2)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(get.elapsed, TIMEOUT2)
def test_imap(self):
it = self.pool.imap(sqr, range(10))
self.assertEqual(list(it), map(sqr, range(10)))
it = self.pool.imap(sqr, range(10))
for i in range(10):
self.assertEqual(it.next(), i*i)
self.assertRaises(StopIteration, it.next)
it = self.pool.imap(sqr, range(1000), chunksize=100)
for i in range(1000):
self.assertEqual(it.next(), i*i)
self.assertRaises(StopIteration, it.next)
def test_imap_unordered(self):
it = self.pool.imap_unordered(sqr, range(1000))
self.assertEqual(sorted(it), map(sqr, range(1000)))
it = self.pool.imap_unordered(sqr, range(1000), chunksize=53)
self.assertEqual(sorted(it), map(sqr, range(1000)))
def test_make_pool(self):
self.assertRaises(ValueError, multiprocessing.Pool, -1)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, multiprocessing.Pool, 0)
p = multiprocessing.Pool(3)
self.assertEqual(3, len(p._pool))
p.close()
p.join()
def test_terminate(self):
if self.TYPE == 'manager':
# On Unix a forked process increfs each shared object to
# which its parent process held a reference. If the
# forked process gets terminated then there is likely to
# be a reference leak. So to prevent
# _TestZZZNumberOfObjects from failing we skip this test
# when using a manager.
return
result = self.pool.map_async(
time.sleep, [0.1 for i in range(10000)], chunksize=1
)
self.pool.terminate()
join = TimingWrapper(self.pool.join)
join()
self.assertTrue(join.elapsed < 0.2)
def test_empty_iterable(self):
# See Issue 12157
p = self.Pool(1)
self.assertEqual(p.map(sqr, []), [])
self.assertEqual(list(p.imap(sqr, [])), [])
self.assertEqual(list(p.imap_unordered(sqr, [])), [])
self.assertEqual(p.map_async(sqr, []).get(), [])
p.close()
p.join()
def unpickleable_result():
return lambda: 42
class _TestPoolWorkerErrors(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes', )
def test_unpickleable_result(self):
from multiprocessing.pool import MaybeEncodingError
p = multiprocessing.Pool(2)
# Make sure we don't lose pool processes because of encoding errors.
for iteration in range(20):
res = p.apply_async(unpickleable_result)
self.assertRaises(MaybeEncodingError, res.get)
p.close()
p.join()
class _TestPoolWorkerLifetime(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes', )
def test_pool_worker_lifetime(self):
p = multiprocessing.Pool(3, maxtasksperchild=10)
self.assertEqual(3, len(p._pool))
origworkerpids = [w.pid for w in p._pool]
# Run many tasks so each worker gets replaced (hopefully)
results = []
for i in range(100):
results.append(p.apply_async(sqr, (i, )))
# Fetch the results and verify we got the right answers,
# also ensuring all the tasks have completed.
for (j, res) in enumerate(results):
self.assertEqual(res.get(), sqr(j))
# Refill the pool
p._repopulate_pool()
# Wait until all workers are alive
# (countdown * DELTA = 5 seconds max startup process time)
countdown = 50
while countdown and not all(w.is_alive() for w in p._pool):
countdown -= 1
time.sleep(DELTA)
finalworkerpids = [w.pid for w in p._pool]
# All pids should be assigned. See issue #7805.
self.assertNotIn(None, origworkerpids)
self.assertNotIn(None, finalworkerpids)
# Finally, check that the worker pids have changed
self.assertNotEqual(sorted(origworkerpids), sorted(finalworkerpids))
p.close()
p.join()
def test_pool_worker_lifetime_early_close(self):
# Issue #10332: closing a pool whose workers have limited lifetimes
# before all the tasks completed would make join() hang.
p = multiprocessing.Pool(3, maxtasksperchild=1)
results = []
for i in range(6):
results.append(p.apply_async(sqr, (i, 0.3)))
p.close()
p.join()
# check the results
for (j, res) in enumerate(results):
self.assertEqual(res.get(), sqr(j))
#
# Test that manager has expected number of shared objects left
#
class _TestZZZNumberOfObjects(BaseTestCase):
# Because test cases are sorted alphabetically, this one will get
# run after all the other tests for the manager. It tests that
# there have been no "reference leaks" for the manager's shared
# objects. Note the comment in _TestPool.test_terminate().
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('manager',)
def test_number_of_objects(self):
EXPECTED_NUMBER = 1 # the pool object is still alive
multiprocessing.active_children() # discard dead process objs
gc.collect() # do garbage collection
refs = self.manager._number_of_objects()
debug_info = self.manager._debug_info()
if refs != EXPECTED_NUMBER:
print self.manager._debug_info()
print debug_info
self.assertEqual(refs, EXPECTED_NUMBER)
#
# Test of creating a customized manager class
#
from multiprocessing.managers import BaseManager, BaseProxy, RemoteError
class FooBar(object):
def f(self):
return 'f()'
def g(self):
raise ValueError
def _h(self):
return '_h()'
def baz():
for i in xrange(10):
yield i*i
class IteratorProxy(BaseProxy):
_exposed_ = ('next', '__next__')
def __iter__(self):
return self
def next(self):
return self._callmethod('next')
def __next__(self):
return self._callmethod('__next__')
class MyManager(BaseManager):
pass
MyManager.register('Foo', callable=FooBar)
MyManager.register('Bar', callable=FooBar, exposed=('f', '_h'))
MyManager.register('baz', callable=baz, proxytype=IteratorProxy)
class _TestMyManager(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('manager',)
def test_mymanager(self):
manager = MyManager()
manager.start()
foo = manager.Foo()
bar = manager.Bar()
baz = manager.baz()
foo_methods = [name for name in ('f', 'g', '_h') if hasattr(foo, name)]
bar_methods = [name for name in ('f', 'g', '_h') if hasattr(bar, name)]
self.assertEqual(foo_methods, ['f', 'g'])
self.assertEqual(bar_methods, ['f', '_h'])
self.assertEqual(foo.f(), 'f()')
self.assertRaises(ValueError, foo.g)
self.assertEqual(foo._callmethod('f'), 'f()')
self.assertRaises(RemoteError, foo._callmethod, '_h')
self.assertEqual(bar.f(), 'f()')
self.assertEqual(bar._h(), '_h()')
self.assertEqual(bar._callmethod('f'), 'f()')
self.assertEqual(bar._callmethod('_h'), '_h()')
self.assertEqual(list(baz), [i*i for i in range(10)])
manager.shutdown()
#
# Test of connecting to a remote server and using xmlrpclib for serialization
#
_queue = Queue.Queue()
def get_queue():
return _queue
class QueueManager(BaseManager):
'''manager class used by server process'''
QueueManager.register('get_queue', callable=get_queue)
class QueueManager2(BaseManager):
'''manager class which specifies the same interface as QueueManager'''
QueueManager2.register('get_queue')
SERIALIZER = 'xmlrpclib'
class _TestRemoteManager(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('manager',)
@classmethod
def _putter(cls, address, authkey):
manager = QueueManager2(
address=address, authkey=authkey, serializer=SERIALIZER
)
manager.connect()
queue = manager.get_queue()
queue.put(('hello world', None, True, 2.25))
def test_remote(self):
authkey = os.urandom(32)
manager = QueueManager(
address=('localhost', 0), authkey=authkey, serializer=SERIALIZER
)
manager.start()
p = self.Process(target=self._putter, args=(manager.address, authkey))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
manager2 = QueueManager2(
address=manager.address, authkey=authkey, serializer=SERIALIZER
)
manager2.connect()
queue = manager2.get_queue()
# Note that xmlrpclib will deserialize object as a list not a tuple
self.assertEqual(queue.get(), ['hello world', None, True, 2.25])
# Because we are using xmlrpclib for serialization instead of
# pickle this will cause a serialization error.
self.assertRaises(Exception, queue.put, time.sleep)
# Make queue finalizer run before the server is stopped
del queue
manager.shutdown()
class _TestManagerRestart(BaseTestCase):
@classmethod
def _putter(cls, address, authkey):
manager = QueueManager(
address=address, authkey=authkey, serializer=SERIALIZER)
manager.connect()
queue = manager.get_queue()
queue.put('hello world')
def test_rapid_restart(self):
authkey = os.urandom(32)
manager = QueueManager(
address=('localhost', 0), authkey=authkey, serializer=SERIALIZER)
srvr = manager.get_server()
addr = srvr.address
# Close the connection.Listener socket which gets opened as a part
# of manager.get_server(). It's not needed for the test.
srvr.listener.close()
manager.start()
p = self.Process(target=self._putter, args=(manager.address, authkey))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
queue = manager.get_queue()
self.assertEqual(queue.get(), 'hello world')
del queue
manager.shutdown()
manager = QueueManager(
address=addr, authkey=authkey, serializer=SERIALIZER)
manager.start()
manager.shutdown()
#
#
#
SENTINEL = latin('')
class _TestConnection(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes', 'threads')
@classmethod
def _echo(cls, conn):
for msg in iter(conn.recv_bytes, SENTINEL):
conn.send_bytes(msg)
conn.close()
def test_connection(self):
conn, child_conn = self.Pipe()
p = self.Process(target=self._echo, args=(child_conn,))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
seq = [1, 2.25, None]
msg = latin('hello world')
longmsg = msg * 10
arr = array.array('i', range(4))
if self.TYPE == 'processes':
self.assertEqual(type(conn.fileno()), int)
self.assertEqual(conn.send(seq), None)
self.assertEqual(conn.recv(), seq)
self.assertEqual(conn.send_bytes(msg), None)
self.assertEqual(conn.recv_bytes(), msg)
if self.TYPE == 'processes':
buffer = array.array('i', [0]*10)
expected = list(arr) + [0] * (10 - len(arr))
self.assertEqual(conn.send_bytes(arr), None)
self.assertEqual(conn.recv_bytes_into(buffer),
len(arr) * buffer.itemsize)
self.assertEqual(list(buffer), expected)
buffer = array.array('i', [0]*10)
expected = [0] * 3 + list(arr) + [0] * (10 - 3 - len(arr))
self.assertEqual(conn.send_bytes(arr), None)
self.assertEqual(conn.recv_bytes_into(buffer, 3 * buffer.itemsize),
len(arr) * buffer.itemsize)
self.assertEqual(list(buffer), expected)
buffer = bytearray(latin(' ' * 40))
self.assertEqual(conn.send_bytes(longmsg), None)
try:
res = conn.recv_bytes_into(buffer)
except multiprocessing.BufferTooShort, e:
self.assertEqual(e.args, (longmsg,))
else:
self.fail('expected BufferTooShort, got %s' % res)
poll = TimingWrapper(conn.poll)
self.assertEqual(poll(), False)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(poll.elapsed, 0)
self.assertEqual(poll(TIMEOUT1), False)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(poll.elapsed, TIMEOUT1)
conn.send(None)
time.sleep(.1)
self.assertEqual(poll(TIMEOUT1), True)
self.assertTimingAlmostEqual(poll.elapsed, 0)
self.assertEqual(conn.recv(), None)
really_big_msg = latin('X') * (1024 * 1024 * 16) # 16Mb
conn.send_bytes(really_big_msg)
self.assertEqual(conn.recv_bytes(), really_big_msg)
conn.send_bytes(SENTINEL) # tell child to quit
child_conn.close()
if self.TYPE == 'processes':
self.assertEqual(conn.readable, True)
self.assertEqual(conn.writable, True)
self.assertRaises(EOFError, conn.recv)
self.assertRaises(EOFError, conn.recv_bytes)
p.join()
def test_duplex_false(self):
reader, writer = self.Pipe(duplex=False)
self.assertEqual(writer.send(1), None)
self.assertEqual(reader.recv(), 1)
if self.TYPE == 'processes':
self.assertEqual(reader.readable, True)
self.assertEqual(reader.writable, False)
self.assertEqual(writer.readable, False)
self.assertEqual(writer.writable, True)
self.assertRaises(IOError, reader.send, 2)
self.assertRaises(IOError, writer.recv)
self.assertRaises(IOError, writer.poll)
def test_spawn_close(self):
# We test that a pipe connection can be closed by parent
# process immediately after child is spawned. On Windows this
# would have sometimes failed on old versions because
# child_conn would be closed before the child got a chance to
# duplicate it.
conn, child_conn = self.Pipe()
p = self.Process(target=self._echo, args=(child_conn,))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
child_conn.close() # this might complete before child initializes
msg = latin('hello')
conn.send_bytes(msg)
self.assertEqual(conn.recv_bytes(), msg)
conn.send_bytes(SENTINEL)
conn.close()
p.join()
def test_sendbytes(self):
if self.TYPE != 'processes':
return
msg = latin('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')
a, b = self.Pipe()
a.send_bytes(msg)
self.assertEqual(b.recv_bytes(), msg)
a.send_bytes(msg, 5)
self.assertEqual(b.recv_bytes(), msg[5:])
a.send_bytes(msg, 7, 8)
self.assertEqual(b.recv_bytes(), msg[7:7+8])
a.send_bytes(msg, 26)
self.assertEqual(b.recv_bytes(), latin(''))
a.send_bytes(msg, 26, 0)
self.assertEqual(b.recv_bytes(), latin(''))
self.assertRaises(ValueError, a.send_bytes, msg, 27)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, a.send_bytes, msg, 22, 5)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, a.send_bytes, msg, 26, 1)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, a.send_bytes, msg, -1)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, a.send_bytes, msg, 4, -1)
@classmethod
def _is_fd_assigned(cls, fd):
try:
os.fstat(fd)
except OSError as e:
if e.errno == errno.EBADF:
return False
raise
else:
return True
@classmethod
def _writefd(cls, conn, data, create_dummy_fds=False):
if create_dummy_fds:
for i in range(0, 256):
if not cls._is_fd_assigned(i):
os.dup2(conn.fileno(), i)
fd = reduction.recv_handle(conn)
if msvcrt:
fd = msvcrt.open_osfhandle(fd, os.O_WRONLY)
os.write(fd, data)
os.close(fd)
@unittest.skipUnless(HAS_REDUCTION, "test needs multiprocessing.reduction")
def test_fd_transfer(self):
if self.TYPE != 'processes':
self.skipTest("only makes sense with processes")
conn, child_conn = self.Pipe(duplex=True)
p = self.Process(target=self._writefd, args=(child_conn, b"foo"))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
with open(test_support.TESTFN, "wb") as f:
fd = f.fileno()
if msvcrt:
fd = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(fd)
reduction.send_handle(conn, fd, p.pid)
p.join()
with open(test_support.TESTFN, "rb") as f:
self.assertEqual(f.read(), b"foo")
@unittest.skipUnless(HAS_REDUCTION, "test needs multiprocessing.reduction")
@unittest.skipIf(sys.platform == "win32",
"test semantics don't make sense on Windows")
@unittest.skipIf(MAXFD <= 256,
"largest assignable fd number is too small")
@unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(os, "dup2"),
"test needs os.dup2()")
def test_large_fd_transfer(self):
# With fd > 256 (issue #11657)
if self.TYPE != 'processes':
self.skipTest("only makes sense with processes")
conn, child_conn = self.Pipe(duplex=True)
p = self.Process(target=self._writefd, args=(child_conn, b"bar", True))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
with open(test_support.TESTFN, "wb") as f:
fd = f.fileno()
for newfd in range(256, MAXFD):
if not self._is_fd_assigned(newfd):
break
else:
self.fail("could not find an unassigned large file descriptor")
os.dup2(fd, newfd)
try:
reduction.send_handle(conn, newfd, p.pid)
finally:
os.close(newfd)
p.join()
with open(test_support.TESTFN, "rb") as f:
self.assertEqual(f.read(), b"bar")
@classmethod
def _send_data_without_fd(self, conn):
os.write(conn.fileno(), b"\0")
@unittest.skipUnless(HAS_REDUCTION, "test needs multiprocessing.reduction")
@unittest.skipIf(sys.platform == "win32", "doesn't make sense on Windows")
def test_missing_fd_transfer(self):
# Check that exception is raised when received data is not
# accompanied by a file descriptor in ancillary data.
if self.TYPE != 'processes':
self.skipTest("only makes sense with processes")
conn, child_conn = self.Pipe(duplex=True)
p = self.Process(target=self._send_data_without_fd, args=(child_conn,))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, reduction.recv_handle, conn)
p.join()
class _TestListenerClient(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes', 'threads')
@classmethod
def _test(cls, address):
conn = cls.connection.Client(address)
conn.send('hello')
conn.close()
def test_listener_client(self):
for family in self.connection.families:
l = self.connection.Listener(family=family)
p = self.Process(target=self._test, args=(l.address,))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
conn = l.accept()
self.assertEqual(conn.recv(), 'hello')
p.join()
l.close()
def test_issue14725(self):
l = self.connection.Listener()
p = self.Process(target=self._test, args=(l.address,))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
time.sleep(1)
# On Windows the client process should by now have connected,
# written data and closed the pipe handle by now. This causes
# ConnectNamdedPipe() to fail with ERROR_NO_DATA. See Issue
# 14725.
conn = l.accept()
self.assertEqual(conn.recv(), 'hello')
conn.close()
p.join()
l.close()
#
# Test of sending connection and socket objects between processes
#
"""
class _TestPicklingConnections(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes',)
def _listener(self, conn, families):
for fam in families:
l = self.connection.Listener(family=fam)
conn.send(l.address)
new_conn = l.accept()
conn.send(new_conn)
if self.TYPE == 'processes':
l = socket.socket()
l.bind(('localhost', 0))
conn.send(l.getsockname())
l.listen(1)
new_conn, addr = l.accept()
conn.send(new_conn)
conn.recv()
def _remote(self, conn):
for (address, msg) in iter(conn.recv, None):
client = self.connection.Client(address)
client.send(msg.upper())
client.close()
if self.TYPE == 'processes':
address, msg = conn.recv()
client = socket.socket()
client.connect(address)
client.sendall(msg.upper())
client.close()
conn.close()
def test_pickling(self):
try:
multiprocessing.allow_connection_pickling()
except ImportError:
return
families = self.connection.families
lconn, lconn0 = self.Pipe()
lp = self.Process(target=self._listener, args=(lconn0, families))
lp.daemon = True
lp.start()
lconn0.close()
rconn, rconn0 = self.Pipe()
rp = self.Process(target=self._remote, args=(rconn0,))
rp.daemon = True
rp.start()
rconn0.close()
for fam in families:
msg = ('This connection uses family %s' % fam).encode('ascii')
address = lconn.recv()
rconn.send((address, msg))
new_conn = lconn.recv()
self.assertEqual(new_conn.recv(), msg.upper())
rconn.send(None)
if self.TYPE == 'processes':
msg = latin('This connection uses a normal socket')
address = lconn.recv()
rconn.send((address, msg))
if hasattr(socket, 'fromfd'):
new_conn = lconn.recv()
self.assertEqual(new_conn.recv(100), msg.upper())
else:
# XXX On Windows with Py2.6 need to backport fromfd()
discard = lconn.recv_bytes()
lconn.send(None)
rconn.close()
lconn.close()
lp.join()
rp.join()
"""
#
#
#
class _TestHeap(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes',)
def test_heap(self):
iterations = 5000
maxblocks = 50
blocks = []
# create and destroy lots of blocks of different sizes
for i in xrange(iterations):
size = int(random.lognormvariate(0, 1) * 1000)
b = multiprocessing.heap.BufferWrapper(size)
blocks.append(b)
if len(blocks) > maxblocks:
i = random.randrange(maxblocks)
del blocks[i]
# get the heap object
heap = multiprocessing.heap.BufferWrapper._heap
# verify the state of the heap
all = []
occupied = 0
heap._lock.acquire()
self.addCleanup(heap._lock.release)
for L in heap._len_to_seq.values():
for arena, start, stop in L:
all.append((heap._arenas.index(arena), start, stop,
stop-start, 'free'))
for arena, start, stop in heap._allocated_blocks:
all.append((heap._arenas.index(arena), start, stop,
stop-start, 'occupied'))
occupied += (stop-start)
all.sort()
for i in range(len(all)-1):
(arena, start, stop) = all[i][:3]
(narena, nstart, nstop) = all[i+1][:3]
self.assertTrue((arena != narena and nstart == 0) or
(stop == nstart))
def test_free_from_gc(self):
# Check that freeing of blocks by the garbage collector doesn't deadlock
# (issue #12352).
# Make sure the GC is enabled, and set lower collection thresholds to
# make collections more frequent (and increase the probability of
# deadlock).
if not gc.isenabled():
gc.enable()
self.addCleanup(gc.disable)
thresholds = gc.get_threshold()
self.addCleanup(gc.set_threshold, *thresholds)
gc.set_threshold(10)
# perform numerous block allocations, with cyclic references to make
# sure objects are collected asynchronously by the gc
for i in range(5000):
a = multiprocessing.heap.BufferWrapper(1)
b = multiprocessing.heap.BufferWrapper(1)
# circular references
a.buddy = b
b.buddy = a
#
#
#
class _Foo(Structure):
_fields_ = [
('x', c_int),
('y', c_double)
]
class _TestSharedCTypes(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes',)
def setUp(self):
if not HAS_SHAREDCTYPES:
self.skipTest("requires multiprocessing.sharedctypes")
@classmethod
def _double(cls, x, y, foo, arr, string):
x.value *= 2
y.value *= 2
foo.x *= 2
foo.y *= 2
string.value *= 2
for i in range(len(arr)):
arr[i] *= 2
def test_sharedctypes(self, lock=False):
x = Value('i', 7, lock=lock)
y = Value(c_double, 1.0/3.0, lock=lock)
foo = Value(_Foo, 3, 2, lock=lock)
arr = self.Array('d', range(10), lock=lock)
string = self.Array('c', 20, lock=lock)
string.value = latin('hello')
p = self.Process(target=self._double, args=(x, y, foo, arr, string))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
p.join()
self.assertEqual(x.value, 14)
self.assertAlmostEqual(y.value, 2.0/3.0)
self.assertEqual(foo.x, 6)
self.assertAlmostEqual(foo.y, 4.0)
for i in range(10):
self.assertAlmostEqual(arr[i], i*2)
self.assertEqual(string.value, latin('hellohello'))
def test_synchronize(self):
self.test_sharedctypes(lock=True)
def test_copy(self):
foo = _Foo(2, 5.0)
bar = copy(foo)
foo.x = 0
foo.y = 0
self.assertEqual(bar.x, 2)
self.assertAlmostEqual(bar.y, 5.0)
#
#
#
class _TestFinalize(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes',)
@classmethod
def _test_finalize(cls, conn):
class Foo(object):
pass
a = Foo()
util.Finalize(a, conn.send, args=('a',))
del a # triggers callback for a
b = Foo()
close_b = util.Finalize(b, conn.send, args=('b',))
close_b() # triggers callback for b
close_b() # does nothing because callback has already been called
del b # does nothing because callback has already been called
c = Foo()
util.Finalize(c, conn.send, args=('c',))
d10 = Foo()
util.Finalize(d10, conn.send, args=('d10',), exitpriority=1)
d01 = Foo()
util.Finalize(d01, conn.send, args=('d01',), exitpriority=0)
d02 = Foo()
util.Finalize(d02, conn.send, args=('d02',), exitpriority=0)
d03 = Foo()
util.Finalize(d03, conn.send, args=('d03',), exitpriority=0)
util.Finalize(None, conn.send, args=('e',), exitpriority=-10)
util.Finalize(None, conn.send, args=('STOP',), exitpriority=-100)
# call multiprocessing's cleanup function then exit process without
# garbage collecting locals
util._exit_function()
conn.close()
os._exit(0)
def test_finalize(self):
conn, child_conn = self.Pipe()
p = self.Process(target=self._test_finalize, args=(child_conn,))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
p.join()
result = [obj for obj in iter(conn.recv, 'STOP')]
self.assertEqual(result, ['a', 'b', 'd10', 'd03', 'd02', 'd01', 'e'])
#
# Test that from ... import * works for each module
#
class _TestImportStar(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes',)
def test_import(self):
modules = [
'multiprocessing', 'multiprocessing.connection',
'multiprocessing.heap', 'multiprocessing.managers',
'multiprocessing.pool', 'multiprocessing.process',
'multiprocessing.synchronize', 'multiprocessing.util'
]
if HAS_REDUCTION:
modules.append('multiprocessing.reduction')
if c_int is not None:
# This module requires _ctypes
modules.append('multiprocessing.sharedctypes')
for name in modules:
__import__(name)
mod = sys.modules[name]
for attr in getattr(mod, '__all__', ()):
self.assertTrue(
hasattr(mod, attr),
'%r does not have attribute %r' % (mod, attr)
)
#
# Quick test that logging works -- does not test logging output
#
class _TestLogging(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes',)
def test_enable_logging(self):
logger = multiprocessing.get_logger()
logger.setLevel(util.SUBWARNING)
self.assertTrue(logger is not None)
logger.debug('this will not be printed')
logger.info('nor will this')
logger.setLevel(LOG_LEVEL)
@classmethod
def _test_level(cls, conn):
logger = multiprocessing.get_logger()
conn.send(logger.getEffectiveLevel())
def test_level(self):
LEVEL1 = 32
LEVEL2 = 37
logger = multiprocessing.get_logger()
root_logger = logging.getLogger()
root_level = root_logger.level
reader, writer = multiprocessing.Pipe(duplex=False)
logger.setLevel(LEVEL1)
p = self.Process(target=self._test_level, args=(writer,))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
self.assertEqual(LEVEL1, reader.recv())
logger.setLevel(logging.NOTSET)
root_logger.setLevel(LEVEL2)
p = self.Process(target=self._test_level, args=(writer,))
p.daemon = True
p.start()
self.assertEqual(LEVEL2, reader.recv())
root_logger.setLevel(root_level)
logger.setLevel(level=LOG_LEVEL)
# class _TestLoggingProcessName(BaseTestCase):
#
# def handle(self, record):
# assert record.processName == multiprocessing.current_process().name
# self.__handled = True
#
# def test_logging(self):
# handler = logging.Handler()
# handler.handle = self.handle
# self.__handled = False
# # Bypass getLogger() and side-effects
# logger = logging.getLoggerClass()(
# 'multiprocessing.test.TestLoggingProcessName')
# logger.addHandler(handler)
# logger.propagate = False
#
# logger.warn('foo')
# assert self.__handled
#
# Check that Process.join() retries if os.waitpid() fails with EINTR
#
class _TestPollEintr(BaseTestCase):
ALLOWED_TYPES = ('processes',)
@classmethod
def _killer(cls, pid):
time.sleep(0.5)
os.kill(pid, signal.SIGUSR1)
@unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(signal, 'SIGUSR1'), 'requires SIGUSR1')
def test_poll_eintr(self):
got_signal = [False]
def record(*args):
got_signal[0] = True
pid = os.getpid()
oldhandler = signal.signal(signal.SIGUSR1, record)
try:
killer = self.Process(target=self._killer, args=(pid,))
killer.start()
p = self.Process(target=time.sleep, args=(1,))
p.start()
p.join()
self.assertTrue(got_signal[0])
self.assertEqual(p.exitcode, 0)
killer.join()
finally:
signal.signal(signal.SIGUSR1, oldhandler)
#
# Test to verify handle verification, see issue 3321
#
class TestInvalidHandle(unittest.TestCase):
@unittest.skipIf(WIN32, "skipped on Windows")
def test_invalid_handles(self):
conn = _multiprocessing.Connection(44977608)
self.assertRaises(IOError, conn.poll)
self.assertRaises(IOError, _multiprocessing.Connection, -1)
#
# Functions used to create test cases from the base ones in this module
#
def get_attributes(Source, names):
d = {}
for name in names:
obj = getattr(Source, name)
if type(obj) == type(get_attributes):
obj = staticmethod(obj)
d[name] = obj
return d
def create_test_cases(Mixin, type):
result = {}
glob = globals()
Type = type.capitalize()
for name in glob.keys():
if name.startswith('_Test'):
base = glob[name]
if type in base.ALLOWED_TYPES:
newname = 'With' + Type + name[1:]
class Temp(base, unittest.TestCase, Mixin):
pass
result[newname] = Temp
Temp.__name__ = newname
Temp.__module__ = Mixin.__module__
return result
#
# Create test cases
#
class ProcessesMixin(object):
TYPE = 'processes'
Process = multiprocessing.Process
locals().update(get_attributes(multiprocessing, (
'Queue', 'Lock', 'RLock', 'Semaphore', 'BoundedSemaphore',
'Condition', 'Event', 'Value', 'Array', 'RawValue',
'RawArray', 'current_process', 'active_children', 'Pipe',
'connection', 'JoinableQueue', 'Pool'
)))
testcases_processes = create_test_cases(ProcessesMixin, type='processes')
globals().update(testcases_processes)
class ManagerMixin(object):
TYPE = 'manager'
Process = multiprocessing.Process
manager = object.__new__(multiprocessing.managers.SyncManager)
locals().update(get_attributes(manager, (
'Queue', 'Lock', 'RLock', 'Semaphore', 'BoundedSemaphore',
'Condition', 'Event', 'Value', 'Array', 'list', 'dict',
'Namespace', 'JoinableQueue', 'Pool'
)))
testcases_manager = create_test_cases(ManagerMixin, type='manager')
globals().update(testcases_manager)
class ThreadsMixin(object):
TYPE = 'threads'
Process = multiprocessing.dummy.Process
locals().update(get_attributes(multiprocessing.dummy, (
'Queue', 'Lock', 'RLock', 'Semaphore', 'BoundedSemaphore',
'Condition', 'Event', 'Value', 'Array', 'current_process',
'active_children', 'Pipe', 'connection', 'dict', 'list',
'Namespace', 'JoinableQueue', 'Pool'
)))
testcases_threads = create_test_cases(ThreadsMixin, type='threads')
globals().update(testcases_threads)
class OtherTest(unittest.TestCase):
# TODO: add more tests for deliver/answer challenge.
def test_deliver_challenge_auth_failure(self):
class _FakeConnection(object):
def recv_bytes(self, size):
return b'something bogus'
def send_bytes(self, data):
pass
self.assertRaises(multiprocessing.AuthenticationError,
multiprocessing.connection.deliver_challenge,
_FakeConnection(), b'abc')
def test_answer_challenge_auth_failure(self):
class _FakeConnection(object):
def __init__(self):
self.count = 0
def recv_bytes(self, size):
self.count += 1
if self.count == 1:
return multiprocessing.connection.CHALLENGE
elif self.count == 2:
return b'something bogus'
return b''
def send_bytes(self, data):
pass
self.assertRaises(multiprocessing.AuthenticationError,
multiprocessing.connection.answer_challenge,
_FakeConnection(), b'abc')
#
# Test Manager.start()/Pool.__init__() initializer feature - see issue 5585
#
def initializer(ns):
ns.test += 1
class TestInitializers(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.mgr = multiprocessing.Manager()
self.ns = self.mgr.Namespace()
self.ns.test = 0
def tearDown(self):
self.mgr.shutdown()
def test_manager_initializer(self):
m = multiprocessing.managers.SyncManager()
self.assertRaises(TypeError, m.start, 1)
m.start(initializer, (self.ns,))
self.assertEqual(self.ns.test, 1)
m.shutdown()
def test_pool_initializer(self):
self.assertRaises(TypeError, multiprocessing.Pool, initializer=1)
p = multiprocessing.Pool(1, initializer, (self.ns,))
p.close()
p.join()
self.assertEqual(self.ns.test, 1)
#
# Issue 5155, 5313, 5331: Test process in processes
# Verifies os.close(sys.stdin.fileno) vs. sys.stdin.close() behavior
#
def _ThisSubProcess(q):
try:
item = q.get(block=False)
except Queue.Empty:
pass
def _TestProcess(q):
queue = multiprocessing.Queue()
subProc = multiprocessing.Process(target=_ThisSubProcess, args=(queue,))
subProc.daemon = True
subProc.start()
subProc.join()
def _afunc(x):
return x*x
def pool_in_process():
pool = multiprocessing.Pool(processes=4)
x = pool.map(_afunc, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
class _file_like(object):
def __init__(self, delegate):
self._delegate = delegate
self._pid = None
@property
def cache(self):
pid = os.getpid()
# There are no race conditions since fork keeps only the running thread
if pid != self._pid:
self._pid = pid
self._cache = []
return self._cache
def write(self, data):
self.cache.append(data)
def flush(self):
self._delegate.write(''.join(self.cache))
self._cache = []
class TestStdinBadfiledescriptor(unittest.TestCase):
def test_queue_in_process(self):
queue = multiprocessing.Queue()
proc = multiprocessing.Process(target=_TestProcess, args=(queue,))
proc.start()
proc.join()
def test_pool_in_process(self):
p = multiprocessing.Process(target=pool_in_process)
p.start()
p.join()
def test_flushing(self):
sio = StringIO()
flike = _file_like(sio)
flike.write('foo')
proc = multiprocessing.Process(target=lambda: flike.flush())
flike.flush()
assert sio.getvalue() == 'foo'
#
# Test interaction with socket timeouts - see Issue #6056
#
class TestTimeouts(unittest.TestCase):
@classmethod
def _test_timeout(cls, child, address):
time.sleep(1)
child.send(123)
child.close()
conn = multiprocessing.connection.Client(address)
conn.send(456)
conn.close()
def test_timeout(self):
old_timeout = socket.getdefaulttimeout()
try:
socket.setdefaulttimeout(0.1)
parent, child = multiprocessing.Pipe(duplex=True)
l = multiprocessing.connection.Listener(family='AF_INET')
p = multiprocessing.Process(target=self._test_timeout,
args=(child, l.address))
p.start()
child.close()
self.assertEqual(parent.recv(), 123)
parent.close()
conn = l.accept()
self.assertEqual(conn.recv(), 456)
conn.close()
l.close()
p.join(10)
finally:
socket.setdefaulttimeout(old_timeout)
#
# Test what happens with no "if __name__ == '__main__'"
#
class TestNoForkBomb(unittest.TestCase):
def test_noforkbomb(self):
name = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'mp_fork_bomb.py')
if WIN32:
rc, out, err = test.script_helper.assert_python_failure(name)
self.assertEqual('', out.decode('ascii'))
self.assertIn('RuntimeError', err.decode('ascii'))
else:
rc, out, err = test.script_helper.assert_python_ok(name)
self.assertEqual('123', out.decode('ascii').rstrip())
self.assertEqual('', err.decode('ascii'))
#
# Issue 12098: check sys.flags of child matches that for parent
#
class TestFlags(unittest.TestCase):
@classmethod
def run_in_grandchild(cls, conn):
conn.send(tuple(sys.flags))
@classmethod
def run_in_child(cls):
import json
r, w = multiprocessing.Pipe(duplex=False)
p = multiprocessing.Process(target=cls.run_in_grandchild, args=(w,))
p.start()
grandchild_flags = r.recv()
p.join()
r.close()
w.close()
flags = (tuple(sys.flags), grandchild_flags)
print(json.dumps(flags))
def test_flags(self):
import json, subprocess
# start child process using unusual flags
prog = ('from test.test_multiprocessing import TestFlags; ' +
'TestFlags.run_in_child()')
data = subprocess.check_output(
[sys.executable, '-E', '-B', '-O', '-c', prog])
child_flags, grandchild_flags = json.loads(data.decode('ascii'))
self.assertEqual(child_flags, grandchild_flags)
#
# Issue #17555: ForkAwareThreadLock
#
class TestForkAwareThreadLock(unittest.TestCase):
# We recurisvely start processes. Issue #17555 meant that the
# after fork registry would get duplicate entries for the same
# lock. The size of the registry at generation n was ~2**n.
@classmethod
def child(cls, n, conn):
if n > 1:
p = multiprocessing.Process(target=cls.child, args=(n-1, conn))
p.start()
p.join()
else:
conn.send(len(util._afterfork_registry))
conn.close()
def test_lock(self):
r, w = multiprocessing.Pipe(False)
l = util.ForkAwareThreadLock()
old_size = len(util._afterfork_registry)
p = multiprocessing.Process(target=self.child, args=(5, w))
p.start()
new_size = r.recv()
p.join()
self.assertLessEqual(new_size, old_size)
#
#
#
testcases_other = [OtherTest, TestInvalidHandle, TestInitializers,
TestStdinBadfiledescriptor, TestTimeouts, TestNoForkBomb,
TestFlags, TestForkAwareThreadLock]
#
#
#
def test_main(run=None):
if sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
try:
lock = multiprocessing.RLock()
except OSError:
raise unittest.SkipTest("OSError raises on RLock creation, see issue 3111!")
check_enough_semaphores()
if run is None:
from test.test_support import run_unittest as run
util.get_temp_dir() # creates temp directory for use by all processes
multiprocessing.get_logger().setLevel(LOG_LEVEL)
ProcessesMixin.pool = multiprocessing.Pool(4)
ThreadsMixin.pool = multiprocessing.dummy.Pool(4)
ManagerMixin.manager.__init__()
ManagerMixin.manager.start()
ManagerMixin.pool = ManagerMixin.manager.Pool(4)
testcases = (
sorted(testcases_processes.values(), key=lambda tc:tc.__name__) +
sorted(testcases_threads.values(), key=lambda tc:tc.__name__) +
sorted(testcases_manager.values(), key=lambda tc:tc.__name__) +
testcases_other
)
loadTestsFromTestCase = unittest.defaultTestLoader.loadTestsFromTestCase
suite = unittest.TestSuite(loadTestsFromTestCase(tc) for tc in testcases)
# (ncoghlan): Whether or not sys.exc_clear is executed by the threading
# module during these tests is at least platform dependent and possibly
# non-deterministic on any given platform. So we don't mind if the listed
# warnings aren't actually raised.
with test_support.check_py3k_warnings(
(".+__(get|set)slice__ has been removed", DeprecationWarning),
(r"sys.exc_clear\(\) not supported", DeprecationWarning),
quiet=True):
run(suite)
ThreadsMixin.pool.terminate()
ProcessesMixin.pool.terminate()
ManagerMixin.pool.terminate()
ManagerMixin.manager.shutdown()
del ProcessesMixin.pool, ThreadsMixin.pool, ManagerMixin.pool
def main():
test_main(unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()