/* * Simulated client test program for CUPS. * * Copyright 2017 by Apple Inc. * * These coded instructions, statements, and computer programs are the * property of Apple Inc. and are protected by Federal copyright * law. Distribution and use rights are outlined in the file "LICENSE.txt" * which should have been included with this file. If this file is * missing or damaged, see the license at "http://www.cups.org/". * * This file is subject to the Apple OS-Developed Software exception. */ /* * Include necessary headers... */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <cups/cups.h> #include <cups/raster.h> #include <cups/string-private.h> #include <cups/thread-private.h> /* * Local types... */ typedef struct _client_monitor_s { const char *uri, /* Printer URI */ *hostname, /* Hostname */ *user, /* Username */ *resource; /* Resource path */ int port; /* Port number */ http_encryption_t encryption; /* Use encryption? */ ipp_pstate_t printer_state; /* Current printer state */ char printer_state_reasons[1024]; /* Current printer-state-reasons */ int job_id; /* Job ID for submitted job */ ipp_jstate_t job_state; /* Current job state */ char job_state_reasons[1024]; /* Current job-state-reasons */ } _client_monitor_t; /* * Local functions... */ static const char *make_raster_file(ipp_t *response, int grayscale, char *tempname, size_t tempsize, const char **format); static void *monitor_printer(_client_monitor_t *monitor); static void show_attributes(const char *title, int request, ipp_t *ipp); static void show_capabilities(ipp_t *response); static void usage(void); /* * 'main()' - Main entry. */ int /* O - Exit status */ main(int argc, /* I - Number of command-line arguments */ char *argv[]) /* I - Command-line arguments */ { int i; /* Looping var */ const char *opt, /* Current option */ *uri = NULL, /* Printer URI */ *printfile = NULL, /* Print file */ *printformat = NULL; /* Print format */ int keepfile = 0, /* Keep temp file? */ grayscale = 0, /* Force grayscale? */ verbosity = 0; /* Verbosity */ char tempfile[1024] = "", /* Temporary file (if any) */ scheme[32], /* URI scheme */ userpass[256], /* Username:password */ hostname[256], /* Hostname */ resource[256]; /* Resource path */ int port; /* Port number */ http_encryption_t encryption; /* Encryption mode */ _client_monitor_t monitor; /* Monitoring data */ http_t *http; /* HTTP connection */ ipp_t *request, /* IPP request */ *response; /* IPP response */ ipp_attribute_t *attr; /* IPP attribute */ static const char * const pattrs[] = /* Printer attributes we are interested in */ { "job-template", "printer-defaults", "printer-description", "media-col-database", "media-col-ready" }; /* * Parse command-line options... */ for (i = 1; i < argc; i ++) { if (argv[i][0] == '-') { for (opt = argv[i] + 1; *opt; opt ++) { switch (*opt) { case 'd' : /* -d document-format */ if (printformat) { puts("Document format can only be specified once."); usage(); return (1); } i ++; if (i >= argc) { puts("Expected document format after '-d'."); usage(); return (1); } printformat = argv[i]; break; case 'f' : /* -f print-file */ if (printfile) { puts("Print file can only be specified once."); usage(); return (1); } i ++; if (i >= argc) { puts("Expected print file after '-f'."); usage(); return (1); } printfile = argv[i]; break; case 'g' : grayscale = 1; break; case 'k' : keepfile = 1; break; case 'v' : verbosity ++; break; default : printf("Unknown option '-%c'.\n", *opt); usage(); return (1); } } } else if (uri || (strncmp(argv[i], "ipp://", 6) && strncmp(argv[i], "ipps://", 7))) { printf("Unknown command-line argument '%s'.\n", argv[i]); usage(); return (1); } else uri = argv[i]; } /* * Make sure we have everything we need. */ if (!uri) { puts("Expected printer URI."); usage(); return (1); } /* * Connect to the printer... */ if (httpSeparateURI(HTTP_URI_CODING_ALL, uri, scheme, sizeof(scheme), userpass, sizeof(userpass), hostname, sizeof(hostname), &port, resource, sizeof(resource)) < HTTP_URI_STATUS_OK) { printf("Bad printer URI '%s'.\n", uri); return (1); } if (!port) port = IPP_PORT; if (!strcmp(scheme, "https") || !strcmp(scheme, "ipps")) encryption = HTTP_ENCRYPTION_ALWAYS; else encryption = HTTP_ENCRYPTION_IF_REQUESTED; if ((http = httpConnect2(hostname, port, NULL, AF_UNSPEC, encryption, 1, 0, NULL)) == NULL) { printf("Unable to connect to '%s' on port %d: %s\n", hostname, port, cupsLastErrorString()); return (1); } /* * Query printer status and capabilities... */ request = ippNewRequest(IPP_OP_GET_PRINTER_ATTRIBUTES); ippAddString(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_URI, "printer-uri", NULL, uri); ippAddString(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_NAME, "requesting-user-name", NULL, cupsUser()); ippAddStrings(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_KEYWORD, "requested-attributes", (int)(sizeof(pattrs) / sizeof(pattrs[0])), NULL, pattrs); response = cupsDoRequest(http, request, resource); if (verbosity) show_capabilities(response); /* * Now figure out what we will be printing... */ if (printfile) { /* * User specified a print file, figure out the format... */ if ((opt = strrchr(printfile, '.')) != NULL) { /* * Guess the format from the extension... */ if (!strcmp(opt, ".jpg")) printformat = "image/jpeg"; else if (!strcmp(opt, ".pdf")) printformat = "application/pdf"; else if (!strcmp(opt, ".ps")) printformat = "application/postscript"; else if (!strcmp(opt, ".pwg")) printformat = "image/pwg-raster"; else if (!strcmp(opt, ".urf")) printformat = "image/urf"; else printformat = "application/octet-stream"; } else { /* * Tell the printer to auto-detect... */ printformat = "application/octet-stream"; } } else { /* * No file specified, make something to test with... */ if ((printfile = make_raster_file(response, grayscale, tempfile, sizeof(tempfile), &printformat)) == NULL) return (1); } ippDelete(response); /* * Start monitoring the printer in the background... */ memset(&monitor, 0, sizeof(monitor)); monitor.uri = uri; monitor.hostname = hostname; monitor.resource = resource; monitor.port = port; monitor.encryption = encryption; _cupsThreadCreate((_cups_thread_func_t)monitor_printer, &monitor); /* * Create the job and wait for completion... */ request = ippNewRequest(IPP_OP_CREATE_JOB); ippAddString(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_URI, "printer-uri", NULL, uri); ippAddString(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_NAME, "requesting-user-name", NULL, cupsUser()); if ((opt = strrchr(printfile, '/')) != NULL) opt ++; else opt = printfile; ippAddString(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_NAME, "job-name", NULL, opt); if (verbosity) show_attributes("Create-Job request", 1, request); response = cupsDoRequest(http, request, resource); if (verbosity) show_attributes("Create-Job response", 0, response); if (cupsLastError() >= IPP_STATUS_REDIRECTION_OTHER_SITE) { printf("Unable to create print job: %s\n", cupsLastErrorString()); monitor.job_state = IPP_JSTATE_ABORTED; goto cleanup; } if ((attr = ippFindAttribute(response, "job-id", IPP_TAG_INTEGER)) == NULL) { puts("No job-id returned in Create-Job request."); monitor.job_state = IPP_JSTATE_ABORTED; goto cleanup; } monitor.job_id = ippGetInteger(attr, 0); printf("CREATED JOB %d, sending %s of type %s\n", monitor.job_id, printfile, printformat); ippDelete(response); request = ippNewRequest(IPP_OP_SEND_DOCUMENT); ippAddString(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_URI, "printer-uri", NULL, uri); ippAddInteger(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_INTEGER, "job-id", monitor.job_id); ippAddString(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_NAME, "requesting-user-name", NULL, cupsUser()); ippAddString(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_MIMETYPE, "document-format", NULL, printformat); ippAddBoolean(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, "last-document", 1); if (verbosity) show_attributes("Send-Document request", 1, request); response = cupsDoFileRequest(http, request, resource, printfile); if (verbosity) show_attributes("Send-Document response", 0, response); if (cupsLastError() >= IPP_STATUS_REDIRECTION_OTHER_SITE) { printf("Unable to print file: %s\n", cupsLastErrorString()); monitor.job_state = IPP_JSTATE_ABORTED; goto cleanup; } puts("WAITING FOR JOB TO COMPLETE"); while (monitor.job_state < IPP_JSTATE_CANCELED) sleep(1); /* * Cleanup after ourselves... */ cleanup: httpClose(http); if (tempfile[0] && !keepfile) unlink(tempfile); return (monitor.job_state == IPP_JSTATE_COMPLETED); } /* * 'make_raster_file()' - Create a temporary raster file. */ static const char * /* O - Print filename */ make_raster_file(ipp_t *response, /* I - Printer attributes */ int grayscale, /* I - Force grayscale? */ char *tempname, /* I - Temporary filename buffer */ size_t tempsize, /* I - Size of temp file buffer */ const char **format) /* O - Print format */ { int i, /* Looping var */ count; /* Number of values */ ipp_attribute_t *attr; /* Printer attribute */ const char *type = NULL; /* Raster type (colorspace + bits) */ pwg_media_t *media = NULL; /* Media size */ int xdpi = 0, /* Horizontal resolution */ ydpi = 0; /* Vertical resolution */ int fd; /* Temporary file */ cups_mode_t mode; /* Raster mode */ cups_raster_t *ras; /* Raster stream */ cups_page_header2_t header; /* Page header */ unsigned char *line, /* Line of raster data */ *lineptr; /* Pointer into line */ unsigned y, /* Current position on page */ xcount, ycount, /* Current count for X and Y */ xrep, yrep, /* Repeat count for X and Y */ xoff, yoff, /* Offsets for X and Y */ yend; /* End Y value */ int temprow, /* Row in template */ tempcolor; /* Template color */ const char *template; /* Pointer into template */ const unsigned char *color; /* Current color */ static const unsigned char colors[][3] = { /* Colors for test */ { 191, 191, 191 }, { 127, 127, 127 }, { 63, 63, 63 }, { 0, 0, 0 }, { 255, 0, 0 }, { 255, 127, 0 }, { 255, 255, 0 }, { 127, 255, 0 }, { 0, 255, 0 }, { 0, 255, 127 }, { 0, 255, 255 }, { 0, 127, 255 }, { 0, 0, 255 }, { 127, 0, 255 }, { 255, 0, 255 } }; static const char * const templates[] = { /* Raster template */ " CCC U U PPPP SSS TTTTT EEEEE SSS TTTTT 000 1 222 333 4 55555 66 77777 888 999 ", "C C U U P P S S T E S S T 0 0 11 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 6 7 8 8 9 9 ", "C U U P P S T E S T 0 0 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7 8 8 9 9 ", "C U U PPPP SSS ----- T EEEE SSS T 0 0 0 1 22 333 44444 555 6666 7 888 9999 ", "C U U P S T E S T 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 7 8 8 9 ", "C C U U P S S T E S S T 0 0 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 8 8 9 ", " CCC UUU P SSS T EEEEE SSS T 000 111 22222 333 4 555 666 7 888 99 ", " " }; /* * Figure out the output format... */ if ((attr = ippFindAttribute(response, "document-format-supported", IPP_TAG_MIMETYPE)) == NULL) { puts("No supported document formats, aborting."); return (NULL); } if (*format) { if (!ippContainsString(attr, *format)) { printf("Printer does not support document-format '%s'.\n", *format); return (NULL); } if (!strcmp(*format, "image/urf")) mode = CUPS_RASTER_WRITE_APPLE; else if (!strcmp(*format, "image/pwg-raster")) mode = CUPS_RASTER_WRITE_PWG; else { printf("Unable to generate document-format '%s'.\n", *format); return (NULL); } } else if (ippContainsString(attr, "image/urf")) { /* * Apple Raster format... */ *format = "image/urf"; mode = CUPS_RASTER_WRITE_APPLE; } else if (ippContainsString(attr, "image/pwg-raster")) { /* * PWG Raster format... */ *format = "image/pwg-raster"; mode = CUPS_RASTER_WRITE_PWG; } else { /* * No supported raster format... */ puts("Printer does not support Apple or PWG raster files, aborting."); return (NULL); } /* * Figure out the the media, resolution, and color mode... */ if ((attr = ippFindAttribute(response, "media-default", IPP_TAG_KEYWORD)) != NULL) { /* * Use default media... */ media = pwgMediaForPWG(ippGetString(attr, 0, NULL)); } else if ((attr = ippFindAttribute(response, "media-ready", IPP_TAG_KEYWORD)) != NULL) { /* * Use ready media... */ if (ippContainsString(attr, "na_letter_8.5x11in")) media = pwgMediaForPWG("na_letter_8.5x11in"); else if (ippContainsString(attr, "iso_a4_210x297mm")) media = pwgMediaForPWG("iso_a4_210x297mm"); else media = pwgMediaForPWG(ippGetString(attr, 0, NULL)); } else { puts("No default or ready media reported by printer, aborting."); return (NULL); } if (mode == CUPS_RASTER_WRITE_APPLE && (attr = ippFindAttribute(response, "urf-supported", IPP_TAG_KEYWORD)) != NULL) { for (i = 0, count = ippGetCount(attr); i < count; i ++) { const char *val = ippGetString(attr, i, NULL); if (!strncmp(val, "RS", 2)) xdpi = ydpi = atoi(val + 2); else if (!strncmp(val, "W8", 2) && !type) type = "sgray_8"; else if (!strncmp(val, "SRGB24", 6) && !grayscale) type = "srgb_8"; } } else if (mode == CUPS_RASTER_WRITE_PWG && (attr = ippFindAttribute(response, "pwg-raster-document-resolution-supported", IPP_TAG_RESOLUTION)) != NULL) { for (i = 0, count = ippGetCount(attr); i < count; i ++) { int tempxdpi, tempydpi; ipp_res_t tempunits; tempxdpi = ippGetResolution(attr, 0, &tempydpi, &tempunits); if (i == 0 || tempxdpi < xdpi || tempydpi < ydpi) { xdpi = tempxdpi; ydpi = tempydpi; } } if ((attr = ippFindAttribute(response, "pwg-raster-document-type-supported", IPP_TAG_KEYWORD)) != NULL) { if (!grayscale && ippContainsString(attr, "srgb_8")) type = "srgb_8"; else if (ippContainsString(attr, "sgray_8")) type = "sgray_8"; } } if (xdpi < 72 || ydpi < 72) { puts("No supported raster resolutions, aborting."); return (NULL); } if (!type) { puts("No supported color spaces or bit depths, aborting."); return (NULL); } /* * Make the raster context and details... */ if (!cupsRasterInitPWGHeader(&header, media, type, xdpi, ydpi, "one-sided", NULL)) { printf("Unable to initialize raster context: %s\n", cupsRasterErrorString()); return (NULL); } header.cupsInteger[CUPS_RASTER_PWG_TotalPageCount] = 1; if (header.cupsWidth > (4 * header.HWResolution[0])) { xoff = header.HWResolution[0] / 2; yoff = header.HWResolution[1] / 2; } else { xoff = 0; yoff = 0; } xrep = (header.cupsWidth - 2 * xoff) / 140; yrep = xrep * header.HWResolution[1] / header.HWResolution[0]; yend = header.cupsHeight - yoff; /* * Prepare the raster file... */ if ((line = malloc(header.cupsBytesPerLine)) == NULL) { printf("Unable to allocate %u bytes for raster output: %s\n", header.cupsBytesPerLine, strerror(errno)); return (NULL); } if ((fd = cupsTempFd(tempname, (int)tempsize)) < 0) { printf("Unable to create temporary print file: %s\n", strerror(errno)); return (NULL); } if ((ras = cupsRasterOpen(fd, mode)) == NULL) { printf("Unable to open raster stream: %s\n", cupsRasterErrorString()); close(fd); return (NULL); } /* * Write a single page consisting of the template dots repeated over the page. */ cupsRasterWriteHeader2(ras, &header); memset(line, 0xff, header.cupsBytesPerLine); for (y = 0; y < yoff; y ++) cupsRasterWritePixels(ras, line, header.cupsBytesPerLine); for (temprow = 0, tempcolor = 0; y < yend;) { template = templates[temprow]; color = colors[tempcolor]; temprow ++; if (temprow >= (int)(sizeof(templates) / sizeof(templates[0]))) { temprow = 0; tempcolor ++; if (tempcolor >= (int)(sizeof(colors) / sizeof(colors[0]))) tempcolor = 0; else if (tempcolor > 3 && header.cupsColorSpace == CUPS_CSPACE_SW) tempcolor = 0; } memset(line, 0xff, header.cupsBytesPerLine); if (header.cupsColorSpace == CUPS_CSPACE_SW) { /* * Do grayscale output... */ for (lineptr = line + xoff; *template; template ++) { if (*template != ' ') { for (xcount = xrep; xcount > 0; xcount --) *lineptr++ = *color; } else { lineptr += xrep; } } } else { /* * Do color output... */ for (lineptr = line + 3 * xoff; *template; template ++) { if (*template != ' ') { for (xcount = xrep; xcount > 0; xcount --, lineptr += 3) memcpy(lineptr, color, 3); } else { lineptr += 3 * xrep; } } } for (ycount = yrep; ycount > 0 && y < yend; ycount --, y ++) cupsRasterWritePixels(ras, line, header.cupsBytesPerLine); } memset(line, 0xff, header.cupsBytesPerLine); for (y = 0; y < header.cupsHeight; y ++) cupsRasterWritePixels(ras, line, header.cupsBytesPerLine); cupsRasterClose(ras); close(fd); printf("PRINT FILE: %s\n", tempname); return (tempname); } /* * 'monitor_printer()' - Monitor the job and printer states. */ static void * /* O - Thread exit code */ monitor_printer( _client_monitor_t *monitor) /* I - Monitoring data */ { http_t *http; /* Connection to printer */ ipp_t *request, /* IPP request */ *response; /* IPP response */ ipp_attribute_t *attr; /* Attribute in response */ ipp_pstate_t printer_state; /* Printer state */ char printer_state_reasons[1024]; /* Printer state reasons */ ipp_jstate_t job_state; /* Job state */ char job_state_reasons[1024];/* Printer state reasons */ static const char * const jattrs[] = /* Job attributes we want */ { "job-state", "job-state-reasons" }; static const char * const pattrs[] = /* Printer attributes we want */ { "printer-state", "printer-state-reasons" }; /* * Open a connection to the printer... */ http = httpConnect2(monitor->hostname, monitor->port, NULL, AF_UNSPEC, monitor->encryption, 1, 0, NULL); /* * Loop until the job is canceled, aborted, or completed. */ printer_state = (ipp_pstate_t)0; printer_state_reasons[0] = '\0'; job_state = (ipp_jstate_t)0; job_state_reasons[0] = '\0'; while (monitor->job_state < IPP_JSTATE_CANCELED) { /* * Reconnect to the printer as needed... */ if (httpGetFd(http) < 0) httpReconnect2(http, 30000, NULL); if (httpGetFd(http) >= 0) { /* * Connected, so check on the printer state... */ request = ippNewRequest(IPP_OP_GET_PRINTER_ATTRIBUTES); ippAddString(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_URI, "printer-uri", NULL, monitor->uri); ippAddString(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_NAME, "requesting-user-name", NULL, cupsUser()); ippAddStrings(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_KEYWORD, "requested-attributes", (int)(sizeof(pattrs) / sizeof(pattrs[0])), NULL, pattrs); response = cupsDoRequest(http, request, monitor->resource); if ((attr = ippFindAttribute(response, "printer-state", IPP_TAG_ENUM)) != NULL) printer_state = (ipp_pstate_t)ippGetInteger(attr, 0); if ((attr = ippFindAttribute(response, "printer-state-reasons", IPP_TAG_KEYWORD)) != NULL) ippAttributeString(attr, printer_state_reasons, sizeof(printer_state_reasons)); if (printer_state != monitor->printer_state || strcmp(printer_state_reasons, monitor->printer_state_reasons)) { printf("PRINTER: %s (%s)\n", ippEnumString("printer-state", printer_state), printer_state_reasons); monitor->printer_state = printer_state; strlcpy(monitor->printer_state_reasons, printer_state_reasons, sizeof(monitor->printer_state_reasons)); } ippDelete(response); if (monitor->job_id > 0) { /* * Check the status of the job itself... */ request = ippNewRequest(IPP_OP_GET_JOB_ATTRIBUTES); ippAddString(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_URI, "printer-uri", NULL, monitor->uri); ippAddInteger(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_INTEGER, "job-id", monitor->job_id); ippAddString(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_NAME, "requesting-user-name", NULL, cupsUser()); ippAddStrings(request, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_KEYWORD, "requested-attributes", (int)(sizeof(jattrs) / sizeof(jattrs[0])), NULL, jattrs); response = cupsDoRequest(http, request, monitor->resource); if ((attr = ippFindAttribute(response, "job-state", IPP_TAG_ENUM)) != NULL) job_state = (ipp_jstate_t)ippGetInteger(attr, 0); if ((attr = ippFindAttribute(response, "job-state-reasons", IPP_TAG_KEYWORD)) != NULL) ippAttributeString(attr, job_state_reasons, sizeof(job_state_reasons)); if (job_state != monitor->job_state || strcmp(job_state_reasons, monitor->job_state_reasons)) { printf("JOB %d: %s (%s)\n", monitor->job_id, ippEnumString("job-state", job_state), job_state_reasons); monitor->job_state = job_state; strlcpy(monitor->job_state_reasons, job_state_reasons, sizeof(monitor->job_state_reasons)); } ippDelete(response); } } if (monitor->job_state < IPP_JSTATE_CANCELED) { /* * Sleep for 5 seconds... */ sleep(5); } } /* * Cleanup and return... */ httpClose(http); return (NULL); } /* * 'show_attributes()' - Show attributes in a request or response. */ static void show_attributes(const char *title, /* I - Title */ int request, /* I - 1 for request, 0 for response */ ipp_t *ipp) /* I - IPP request/response */ { int minor, major = ippGetVersion(ipp, &minor); /* IPP version number */ ipp_tag_t group = IPP_TAG_ZERO; /* Current group tag */ ipp_attribute_t *attr; /* Current attribute */ const char *name; /* Attribute name */ char buffer[1024]; /* Value */ printf("%s:\n", title); printf(" version=%d.%d\n", major, minor); printf(" request-id=%d\n", ippGetRequestId(ipp)); if (!request) printf(" status-code=%s\n", ippErrorString(ippGetStatusCode(ipp))); for (attr = ippFirstAttribute(ipp); attr; attr = ippNextAttribute(ipp)) { if (group != ippGetGroupTag(attr)) { group = ippGetGroupTag(attr); if (group) printf(" %s:\n", ippTagString(group)); } if ((name = ippGetName(attr)) != NULL) { ippAttributeString(attr, buffer, sizeof(buffer)); printf(" %s(%s%s)=%s\n", name, ippGetCount(attr) > 1 ? "1setOf " : "", ippTagString(ippGetValueTag(attr)), buffer); } } } /* * 'show_capabilities()' - Show printer capabilities. */ static void show_capabilities(ipp_t *response) /* I - Printer attributes */ { int i; /* Looping var */ ipp_attribute_t *attr; /* Attribute */ char buffer[1024]; /* Attribute value buffer */ static const char * const pattrs[] = /* Attributes we want to show */ { "copies-default", "copies-supported", "finishings-default", "finishings-ready", "finishings-supported", "media-default", "media-ready", "media-supported", "output-bin-default", "output-bin-supported", "print-color-mode-default", "print-color-mode-supported", "sides-default", "sides-supported", "document-format-default", "document-format-supported", "pwg-raster-document-resolution-supported", "pwg-raster-document-type-supported", "urf-supported" }; puts("CAPABILITIES:"); for (i = 0; i < (int)(sizeof(pattrs) / sizeof(pattrs[0])); i ++) { if ((attr = ippFindAttribute(response, pattrs[i], IPP_TAG_ZERO)) != NULL) { ippAttributeString(attr, buffer, sizeof(buffer)); printf(" %s=%s\n", pattrs[i], buffer); } } } /* * 'usage()' - Show program usage... */ static void usage(void) { puts("Usage: ./testclient printer-uri [options]"); puts("Options:"); puts(" -d document-format Generate the specified format"); puts(" -f print-file Print the named file"); puts(" -g Force grayscale printing"); puts(" -k Keep temporary files"); puts(" -v Be more verbose"); }