1. 根目录:
2. fs
3. proc
4. root.c

/*
 *  linux/fs/proc/root.c
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
 *
 *  proc root directory handling functions
 */

#include <asm/uaccess.h>

#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/time.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/stat.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/user_namespace.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
#include <linux/parser.h>

#include "internal.h"

static int proc_test_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data)
{
	return sb->s_fs_info == data;
}

static int proc_set_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data)
{
	int err = set_anon_super(sb, NULL);
	if (!err) {
		struct pid_namespace *ns = (struct pid_namespace *)data;
		sb->s_fs_info = get_pid_ns(ns);
	}
	return err;
}

enum {
	Opt_gid, Opt_hidepid, Opt_err,
};

static const match_table_t tokens = {
	{Opt_hidepid, "hidepid=%u"},
	{Opt_gid, "gid=%u"},
	{Opt_err, NULL},
};

static int proc_parse_options(char *options, struct pid_namespace *pid)
{
	char *p;
	substring_t args[MAX_OPT_ARGS];
	int option;

	if (!options)
		return 1;

	while ((p = strsep(&options, ",")) != NULL) {
		int token;
		if (!*p)
			continue;

		args[0].to = args[0].from = NULL;
		token = match_token(p, tokens, args);
		switch (token) {
		case Opt_gid:
			if (match_int(&args[0], &option))
				return 0;
			pid->pid_gid = make_kgid(current_user_ns(), option);
			break;
		case Opt_hidepid:
			if (match_int(&args[0], &option))
				return 0;
			if (option < 0 || option > 2) {
				pr_err("proc: hidepid value must be between 0 and 2.\n");
				return 0;
			}
			pid->hide_pid = option;
			break;
		default:
			pr_err("proc: unrecognized mount option \"%s\" "
			       "or missing value\n", p);
			return 0;
		}
	}

	return 1;
}

int proc_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
{
	struct pid_namespace *pid = sb->s_fs_info;
	return !proc_parse_options(data, pid);
}

static struct dentry *proc_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
	int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data)
{
	int err;
	struct super_block *sb;
	struct pid_namespace *ns;
	char *options;

	if (flags & MS_KERNMOUNT) {
		ns = (struct pid_namespace *)data;
		options = NULL;
	} else {
		ns = task_active_pid_ns(current);
		options = data;

		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) && !fs_fully_visible(fs_type))
			return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);

		/* Does the mounter have privilege over the pid namespace? */
		if (!ns_capable(ns->user_ns, CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
			return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
	}

	sb = sget(fs_type, proc_test_super, proc_set_super, flags, ns);
	if (IS_ERR(sb))
		return ERR_CAST(sb);

	if (!proc_parse_options(options, ns)) {
		deactivate_locked_super(sb);
		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
	}

	if (!sb->s_root) {
		err = proc_fill_super(sb);
		if (err) {
			deactivate_locked_super(sb);
			return ERR_PTR(err);
		}

		sb->s_flags |= MS_ACTIVE;
	}

	return dget(sb->s_root);
}

static void proc_kill_sb(struct super_block *sb)
{
	struct pid_namespace *ns;

	ns = (struct pid_namespace *)sb->s_fs_info;
	if (ns->proc_self)
		dput(ns->proc_self);
	kill_anon_super(sb);
	put_pid_ns(ns);
}

static struct file_system_type proc_fs_type = {
	.name		= "proc",
	.mount		= proc_mount,
	.kill_sb	= proc_kill_sb,
	.fs_flags	= FS_USERNS_MOUNT,
};

void __init proc_root_init(void)
{
	int err;

	proc_init_inodecache();
	err = register_filesystem(&proc_fs_type);
	if (err)
		return;

	proc_self_init();
	proc_symlink("mounts", NULL, "self/mounts");

	proc_net_init();

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSVIPC
	proc_mkdir("sysvipc", NULL);
#endif
	proc_mkdir("fs", NULL);
	proc_mkdir("driver", NULL);
	proc_mkdir("fs/nfsd", NULL); /* somewhere for the nfsd filesystem to be mounted */
#if defined(CONFIG_SUN_OPENPROMFS) || defined(CONFIG_SUN_OPENPROMFS_MODULE)
	/* just give it a mountpoint */
	proc_mkdir("openprom", NULL);
#endif
	proc_tty_init();
#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_DEVICETREE
	proc_device_tree_init();
#endif
	proc_mkdir("bus", NULL);
	proc_sys_init();
}

static int proc_root_getattr(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry, struct kstat *stat
)
{
	generic_fillattr(dentry->d_inode, stat);
	stat->nlink = proc_root.nlink + nr_processes();
	return 0;
}

static struct dentry *proc_root_lookup(struct inode * dir, struct dentry * dentry, unsigned int flags)
{
	if (!proc_lookup(dir, dentry, flags))
		return NULL;
	
	return proc_pid_lookup(dir, dentry, flags);
}

static int proc_root_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
{
	if (ctx->pos < FIRST_PROCESS_ENTRY) {
		int error = proc_readdir(file, ctx);
		if (unlikely(error <= 0))
			return error;
		ctx->pos = FIRST_PROCESS_ENTRY;
	}

	return proc_pid_readdir(file, ctx);
}

/*
 * The root /proc directory is special, as it has the
 * <pid> directories. Thus we don't use the generic
 * directory handling functions for that..
 */
static const struct file_operations proc_root_operations = {
	.read		 = generic_read_dir,
	.iterate	 = proc_root_readdir,
	.llseek		= default_llseek,
};

/*
 * proc root can do almost nothing..
 */
static const struct inode_operations proc_root_inode_operations = {
	.lookup		= proc_root_lookup,
	.getattr	= proc_root_getattr,
};

/*
 * This is the root "inode" in the /proc tree..
 */
struct proc_dir_entry proc_root = {
	.low_ino	= PROC_ROOT_INO, 
	.namelen	= 5, 
	.mode		= S_IFDIR | S_IRUGO | S_IXUGO, 
	.nlink		= 2, 
	.count		= ATOMIC_INIT(1),
	.proc_iops	= &proc_root_inode_operations, 
	.proc_fops	= &proc_root_operations,
	.parent		= &proc_root,
	.name		= "/proc",
};

int pid_ns_prepare_proc(struct pid_namespace *ns)
{
	struct vfsmount *mnt;

	mnt = kern_mount_data(&proc_fs_type, ns);
	if (IS_ERR(mnt))
		return PTR_ERR(mnt);

	ns->proc_mnt = mnt;
	return 0;
}

void pid_ns_release_proc(struct pid_namespace *ns)
{
	kern_unmount(ns->proc_mnt);
}