1. 根目录:
2. fs
3. proc
4. namespaces.c

#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/nsproxy.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/fs_struct.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/path.h>
#include <linux/namei.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/utsname.h>
#include <net/net_namespace.h>
#include <linux/ipc_namespace.h>
#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
#include "internal.h"


static const struct proc_ns_operations *ns_entries[] = {
#ifdef CONFIG_NET_NS
	&netns_operations,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_UTS_NS
	&utsns_operations,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_IPC_NS
	&ipcns_operations,
#endif
	&mntns_operations,
};

static const struct file_operations ns_file_operations = {
	.llseek		= no_llseek,
};

static const struct inode_operations ns_inode_operations = {
	.setattr	= proc_setattr,
};

static int ns_delete_dentry(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
	/* Don't cache namespace inodes when not in use */
	return 1;
}

static char *ns_dname(struct dentry *dentry, char *buffer, int buflen)
{
	struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
	const struct proc_ns_operations *ns_ops = PROC_I(inode)->ns_ops;

	return dynamic_dname(dentry, buffer, buflen, "%s:[%lu]",
		ns_ops->name, inode->i_ino);
}

const struct dentry_operations ns_dentry_operations =
{
	.d_delete	= ns_delete_dentry,
	.d_dname	= ns_dname,
};

static struct dentry *proc_ns_get_dentry(struct super_block *sb,
	struct task_struct *task, const struct proc_ns_operations *ns_ops)
{
	struct dentry *dentry, *result;
	struct inode *inode;
	struct proc_inode *ei;
	struct qstr qname = { .name = "", };
	void *ns;

	ns = ns_ops->get(task);
	if (!ns)
		return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);

	dentry = d_alloc_pseudo(sb, &qname);
	if (!dentry) {
		ns_ops->put(ns);
		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
	}

	inode = iget_locked(sb, ns_ops->inum(ns));
	if (!inode) {
		dput(dentry);
		ns_ops->put(ns);
		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
	}

	ei = PROC_I(inode);
	if (inode->i_state & I_NEW) {
		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME;
		inode->i_op = &ns_inode_operations;
		inode->i_mode = S_IFREG | S_IRUGO;
		inode->i_fop = &ns_file_operations;
		ei->ns_ops = ns_ops;
		ei->ns = ns;
		unlock_new_inode(inode);
	} else {
		ns_ops->put(ns);
	}

	d_set_d_op(dentry, &ns_dentry_operations);
	result = d_instantiate_unique(dentry, inode);
	if (result) {
		dput(dentry);
		dentry = result;
	}

	return dentry;
}

static void *proc_ns_follow_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd)
{
	struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
	struct proc_inode *ei = PROC_I(inode);
	struct task_struct *task;
	struct dentry *ns_dentry;
	void *error = ERR_PTR(-EACCES);

	task = get_proc_task(inode);
	if (!task)
		goto out;

	if (!ptrace_may_access(task, PTRACE_MODE_READ))
		goto out_put_task;

	ns_dentry = proc_ns_get_dentry(sb, task, ei->ns_ops);
	if (IS_ERR(ns_dentry)) {
		error = ERR_CAST(ns_dentry);
		goto out_put_task;
	}

	dput(nd->path.dentry);
	nd->path.dentry = ns_dentry;
	error = NULL;

out_put_task:
	put_task_struct(task);
out:
	return error;
}

static int proc_ns_readlink(struct dentry *dentry, char __user *buffer, int buflen)
{
	struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
	struct proc_inode *ei = PROC_I(inode);
	const struct proc_ns_operations *ns_ops = ei->ns_ops;
	struct task_struct *task;
	void *ns;
	char name[50];
	int len = -EACCES;

	task = get_proc_task(inode);
	if (!task)
		goto out;

	if (!ptrace_may_access(task, PTRACE_MODE_READ))
		goto out_put_task;

	len = -ENOENT;
	ns = ns_ops->get(task);
	if (!ns)
		goto out_put_task;

	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s:[%u]", ns_ops->name, ns_ops->inum(ns));
	len = strlen(name);

	if (len > buflen)
		len = buflen;
	if (copy_to_user(buffer, name, len))
		len = -EFAULT;

	ns_ops->put(ns);
out_put_task:
	put_task_struct(task);
out:
	return len;
}

static const struct inode_operations proc_ns_link_inode_operations = {
	.readlink	= proc_ns_readlink,
	.follow_link	= proc_ns_follow_link,
	.setattr	= proc_setattr,
};

static struct dentry *proc_ns_instantiate(struct inode *dir,
	struct dentry *dentry, struct task_struct *task, const void *ptr)
{
	const struct proc_ns_operations *ns_ops = ptr;
	struct inode *inode;
	struct proc_inode *ei;
	struct dentry *error = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);

	inode = proc_pid_make_inode(dir->i_sb, task);
	if (!inode)
		goto out;

	ei = PROC_I(inode);
	inode->i_mode = S_IFLNK|S_IRWXUGO;
	inode->i_op = &proc_ns_link_inode_operations;
	ei->ns_ops = ns_ops;

	d_set_d_op(dentry, &pid_dentry_operations);
	d_add(dentry, inode);
	/* Close the race of the process dying before we return the dentry */
	if (pid_revalidate(dentry, NULL))
		error = NULL;
out:
	return error;
}

static int proc_ns_fill_cache(struct file *filp, void *dirent,
	filldir_t filldir, struct task_struct *task,
	const struct proc_ns_operations *ops)
{
	return proc_fill_cache(filp, dirent, filldir,
				ops->name, strlen(ops->name),
				proc_ns_instantiate, task, ops);
}

static int proc_ns_dir_readdir(struct file *filp, void *dirent,
				filldir_t filldir)
{
	int i;
	struct dentry *dentry = filp->f_path.dentry;
	struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(inode);
	const struct proc_ns_operations **entry, **last;
	ino_t ino;
	int ret;

	ret = -ENOENT;
	if (!task)
		goto out_no_task;

	ret = 0;
	i = filp->f_pos;
	switch (i) {
	case 0:
		ino = inode->i_ino;
		if (filldir(dirent, ".", 1, i, ino, DT_DIR) < 0)
			goto out;
		i++;
		filp->f_pos++;
		/* fall through */
	case 1:
		ino = parent_ino(dentry);
		if (filldir(dirent, "..", 2, i, ino, DT_DIR) < 0)
			goto out;
		i++;
		filp->f_pos++;
		/* fall through */
	default:
		i -= 2;
		if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(ns_entries)) {
			ret = 1;
			goto out;
		}
		entry = ns_entries + i;
		last = &ns_entries[ARRAY_SIZE(ns_entries) - 1];
		while (entry <= last) {
			if (proc_ns_fill_cache(filp, dirent, filldir,
						task, *entry) < 0)
				goto out;
			filp->f_pos++;
			entry++;
		}
	}

	ret = 1;
out:
	put_task_struct(task);
out_no_task:
	return ret;
}

const struct file_operations proc_ns_dir_operations = {
	.read		= generic_read_dir,
	.readdir	= proc_ns_dir_readdir,
};

static struct dentry *proc_ns_dir_lookup(struct inode *dir,
				struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd)
{
	struct dentry *error;
	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(dir);
	const struct proc_ns_operations **entry, **last;
	unsigned int len = dentry->d_name.len;

	error = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);

	if (!task)
		goto out_no_task;

	last = &ns_entries[ARRAY_SIZE(ns_entries)];
	for (entry = ns_entries; entry < last; entry++) {
		if (strlen((*entry)->name) != len)
			continue;
		if (!memcmp(dentry->d_name.name, (*entry)->name, len))
			break;
	}
	if (entry == last)
		goto out;

	error = proc_ns_instantiate(dir, dentry, task, *entry);
out:
	put_task_struct(task);
out_no_task:
	return error;
}

const struct inode_operations proc_ns_dir_inode_operations = {
	.lookup		= proc_ns_dir_lookup,
	.getattr	= pid_getattr,
	.setattr	= proc_setattr,
};

struct file *proc_ns_fget(int fd)
{
	struct file *file;

	file = fget(fd);
	if (!file)
		return ERR_PTR(-EBADF);

	if (file->f_op != &ns_file_operations)
		goto out_invalid;

	return file;

out_invalid:
	fput(file);
	return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
}

bool proc_ns_inode(struct inode *inode)
{
	return inode->i_fop == &ns_file_operations;
}